Method for enriching precious metal from poor impurity material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enriching precious metal from a poor impurity material, and belongs to the technical field of rare and precious metal recovery. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride into a poor impurity material, carrying out wet selective leaching to preferentially remove most nickel, carrying out pyrogenic smelting on leached residues, adding a slag former, a flux and iron or nickel oxide, and carrying out high-temperature smelting by taking metal silicon and silicon iron in the leached residues as natural reducing agents under the condition of high-temperature smelting, so as to obtain the high-purity nickel. The metal silicon, the silicon iron and the iron oxide are subjected to a reduction reaction, silicon oxide is generated from silicon, slagging is carried out, and meanwhile the precious metal-containing ferro-nickel alloy is obtained; the nickel-iron alloy containing the precious metal is subjected to atomization powder spraying, nickel-iron alloy powder containing the precious metal is obtained, anhydrous ferric trichloride is added to leach out metal such as nickel iron in the nickel-iron alloy powder containing the precious metal, and a precious metal enriched product and a leaching solution mainly containing ferrous chloride are obtained. The method is easy to operate, capable of achieving efficient trapping of precious metal, high in comprehensive recovery rate and enrichment ratio, environmentally friendly, low in cost, mature in main body equipment and easy to industrialize.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of recovering rare and precious metals, and relates to a method for enriching precious metals from poor miscellaneous materials. Background technique [0002] The poor miscellaneous materials contain a variety of precious metal materials, which are of high value and are difficult to handle in terms of combination. They mainly contain metal silicon Si, ferrosilicon FeSi, metal nickel Ni, etc. The temperature is high, and the separation effect of the alloy and the slag is not good; and the precious metals in the impoverished material are complete and the grade is low. Nickel exists in the form of metallic nickel, and silicon exists in the form of metallic silicon and ferrosilicon. It is difficult to remove silicon by the full wet method. If alkali is added for leaching, the effect is not good; if hydrofluoric acid is added, silicon and ferrosilicon can be dissolved, but a large amount of waste liquid is genera...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] The poor miscellaneous materials contain a variety of precious metal materials, which are of high value and are difficult to handle in terms of combination. They mainly contain metal silicon Si, ferrosilicon FeSi, metal nickel Ni, etc. The temperature is high, and the separation effect of the alloy and the slag is not good; and the precious metals in the impurity-poor materials are complete and the grade is low. Nickel exists in the form of metallic nickel, and silicon exists in the form of metallic silicon and ferrosilicon. It is difficult to remove silicon by the full wet method

If alkali is added for leaching, the effect is not good; if hydrofluoric acid is added, silicon and ferrosilicon can be dissolved, but a large amount of waste liquid is generated, and the equipment is basically required to be a plastic reactor, etc. It is inevitable that hydrofluoric acid volatilizes and corrodes equipment, Plants, etc., and the waste liquid is difficult to handle

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