Retired lithium battery electrolyte recovery system and recovery method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of retired lithium battery recovery, and relates to a retired lithium battery electrolyte recovery system and recovery method, the recovery system comprises a crushing and volatilization subsystem, a dust collection and heat exchange subsystem, a condensation subsystem and a plurality of absorption and blending subsystems; the crushing and volatilizing subsystem is connected with the dust collection and heat exchange subsystem; the dust collection and heat exchange subsystem is connected with the condensation subsystem; the condensation subsystem is connected with a plurality of sets of absorption and blending subsystems; according to the technical scheme, the electrolyte product is recycled and produced, and good economic benefits are achieved; the heat exchanger is arranged, heat is reasonably utilized, and energy consumption is reduced; circulating gas is recycled, so that the consumption of inert gas is reduced, the yield of F, P and the organic solvent is increased, and meanwhile, the generation and emission of three wastes are reduced; the process, equipment and process control is simple, and industrial application is easy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of decommissioned lithium battery recycling, and relates to a decommissioned lithium battery electrolyte recovery system and a recovery method. Background technique [0002] The rapid development of new energy has brought a large number of decommissioned lithium batteries. The comprehensive utilization of resources in decommissioned lithium batteries is determined by the background of the times. Especially in the context of double carbon, the recycling of decommissioned lithium batteries also urgently needs low energy consumption and low emissions. and efficient recycling process. Lithium batteries are mainly divided into lithium iron phosphate series, lithium cobalt oxide series, ternary nickel cobalt manganese series and lithium manganese oxide series. Although there are many types, their structure and components other than positive electrode powder are basically the same. The structural components of li...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The mainstream recycling process is to discharge the decommissioned lithium battery, carry out nitrogen protection crushing, low-temperature drying (or high-temperature pyrolysis) to treat the electrolyte waste gas, and then perform multi-stage sorting to select the shell, separator, and positive electrode copper particles (or powder) respectively. ), aluminum particles (or powder) of negative electrode and black powder of positive and negative electrodes, among which high-value components such as positive electrode, negative electrode and black powder, and easily separated components such as casing and diaphragm can be well recovered and reused. However, there are few electrolyte recovery and reuse processes suitable for industrialization

[0003] The biggest problem with electrolyte recovery is that it is difficult to isolate H in the air during the crushing and sorting stages of retired lithium batteries. 2 O and O 2 etc., resulting in the easy decomposition of organic solvents, while F and P generate a large amount of POF 3 , HF and H 3 PO 4 etc., which can only be collected and disposed of as hazardous waste, but cannot be effectively recycled and reused

[0004] At present, the usual practice is to volatilize the broken lithium battery at low temperature or pyrolyze it at high temperature, and then condense the volatile gas to obtain the electrolyte solvent, which is disposed of as hazardous waste, while the F and P elements in the electrolyte are sprayed with lye Almost all F and P elements enter the spray liquid (or spray slag), and the spray liquid (or spray slag) is treated as hazardous waste; or burn the volatile gas, and then treat the combustion exhaust gas, F and P Still entering the spray liquid (or spray slag), it needs to be disposed of as hazardous waste, and high-temperature combustion not only brings a large amount of carbon emissions, but also has a certain risk of dioxin production

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