Method for preparing hard polyurethane foam plastics with soybean oil

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing hard polyurethane foam plastics from soybean oil. The method comprises the steps as follows: (1) carrying out epoxidation including the sub-steps of subjecting soybean oil and epoxidizing agent to reaction to obtain epoxidized soybean oil; (2) carrying out ring-opening reaction including the sub-steps of subjecting epoxidized soybean oil and nucleophilic reagent of reactive hydrogen to the ring-opening reaction of epoxy chemical bond in the presence of a catalyst to obtain mixed hydroxyl fatty acid glyceride; (3) carrying out alcoholysis and esterification including the sub-steps of adding alcohol, heating for alcoholysis to obtain mixed hydroxyl fatty acid monoester, i.e. soybean oil based polyol, and esterifying with organic acid and acid anhydride to generate polyester polyol; and (4) sequentially adding 80-150 weight parts of isocyanate, 0.3-4 weight parts of triethanolamine and 0.5-4 weight parts of foam stabilizer to 100 weight parts of soybean oil based polyol, intensively stirring, adding 0.5-3 weight parts of distilled water, and uniformly foaming while stirring at the high speed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing rigid polyurethane foam, in particular to a method for preparing rigid polyurethane foam by using soybean oil. Background technique [0002] Polyurethane (PU) foam is widely used in household refrigerators, freezers, building insulation and other industries due to its excellent thermal insulation performance, good plasticity and processability; it is composed of polyether (ester) polyol (white material), isocyanate (Black material), a foam product formed by chemical reaction under the action of water. Polyol polymers commonly used in the preparation of PU foam plastics include polyether polyols and polyester polyols. Polyether (ester) polyol is the main raw material for preparing PU foam plastics. [0003] With the rapid development of the global economy, the global demand for all polyols including the above-mentioned polyether (ester) polyols is growing rapidly. At present, most synthetic polymer mate...

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Problems solved by technology

In recent years, there have also been researches on the modification of soybean oil functionalization in foreign countries. After they epoxidized soybean oil, they introduced hydroxyl groups to prepare polyurethane foams (1.J.Appl.Polym.Sci., 2000, 77, 467-473, 2.J.Polym.Sci., partA-Polym.Chem 2000,38,4062-4069); There are also fiber-reinforced composite materials prepared from epoxy soybean oil (1.J.Appl.Polym.Sci., 2000, 77, 467-473; 2.Composite Sructares 2004, 63, 47-57); There are reports in China that use epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) as a raw material after acrylated, functionalized modification to become a resin matrix (AESO), Then foam molding, prepared polymer foam (1. China Plastics, 2006, 20(5), 59-63; 2. Materials Report, 2006, 20(4), 49-52; 3. Modern Chemical Industry, 2006 , 26(12), 30-35); but no one has used epoxidized soybean oil to prepare bio-based polyols, and prepared polyester polyols from epoxidized soybean oil, using this as the basic raw material to react with MDI to prepare hard Report on Quality Polyurethane Foam

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