Method and apparatus for biomass instant gasification and combustion

Abstract

The present invention relates to an instant gasification combustion method for a biomass, which is characterized in that the method comprises that a mixed material picked out copper, aluminium and the like is led in a main furnace by smokeless feeding operation mode, an infrared heat accumulation catalytic effect and the unique dewatered technique of an infrared heating material are used to accelerate raw material and gas dehydration and promote gasification reaction and gas complete combustion. The present invention also provides a device for implementing the method, which is composed of a main furnace, a gas combustion range and a pipeline connecting component and is characterized in that the main furnace comprises an upper part and a lower part, wherein the upper part is a smokeless cleaning feeding gas-guiding device and the lower part is an infrared adiabatic reaction barrel. The inner wall of the barrel is provided with an infrared heating material, and simultaneously the lower part is provided an ignition air feeding device. The gas combustion range is provided with an annular clamping strap condenser, an infrared combusting device and a water sealing type oil-water separator or a liquid seal trough or a U-shaped liquid seal tube, the inner part of the gas combustion range is provided with an air-feeding regulating and controlling device. The present invention has the advantages of non smoke and tar oil pollution, high efficiency, energy-saving, safety, environmental protection and perfect development value.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a method and device for gasification and combustion of biomass, in particular to a method and device for immediate gasification and combustion of biomass that "storage material without storing gas", and belongs to the technical field of clean transformation and utilization of biomass energy. Background technique: [0002] At present, there are many kinds of gasification methods and devices that can convert biomass into fuel gas. However, due to the secondary pollution problems of soot and tar that have not been effectively solved, the progress of biomass gasification and utilization in my country has been slow. Most of the centralized gasification gas supply devices are also in a paralyzed state, and the majority of farmers are still forced to use traditional wood stoves or honeycomb coal stoves with low thermal efficiency and serious smoke pollution. In order to solve the problem of soot and tar pollution in the process of bio...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, there are many kinds of gasification methods and devices that can convert biomass into fuel gas. However, due to the secondary pollution problems of soot and tar that have not been effectively solved, the progress of biomass gasification and utilization in my country has been slow. Most of the centralized gasification gas supply devices are also in a state of paralysis, and the majority of farmers are still forced to use traditional wood stoves or honeycomb coal stoves with low thermal efficiency and serious smoke pollution.

In order to solve the problem of soot and tar pollution in the process of biomass gasification and utilization, the relevant national scientific research departments have been focusing on the research and development of "coke-free gasification methods and devices", while ignoring the research and development of coke-containing biomass gas combustion. In particular, the research on the instant biomass gasification and combustion method and device of "storing material without gas storage" is neglected, such as the Chinese patent "thermal cracking and decoking biomass gasifier" (patent number: ZL00101428.5 ) and "a low-tar biomass gasification method and device" (patent number: ZL200510043836.0), etc. These gasification methods and devices aimed at obtaining "coke-free gas" are not only complicated in process, high in equipment cost, and difficult to operate Difficulty, high cost of gasification, and because the catalytic reaction bed or high-temperature cracking zone that relies on the cracking and conversion of biomass tar is a limited anoxic zone, when the biomass gas containing tar (macromolecular organic compound) flows through In this anoxic zone, it is difficult to obtain the reaction conditions (including residence time, reaction temperature, supply of ionic groups, etc.) sufficient to realize the complete cracking and conversion of "tar macromolecules", so the final obtained biomass gas is still unavailable. Avoidance contains a certain amount of biomass tar, and this kind of biomass gas containing tar is not suitable for long-distance transportation by pipelines, nor can it be completely burned in ordinary gas stoves in the prior art, so it cannot be used in civil fields

[0003] On the contrary, some private gasifiers that are being promoted all over the country have explored the overall design process of biomass gasification and combustion, but due to the lack of in-depth research on the mechanism of biomass gasification and gas combustion, Most of them are low-level simple combinations, so in the actual use process, the smoke and tar pollution are still the same, for example, a kind of integrated composite gasifier developed by Comrade Zhou Haijun of Zhangjiajie Sanmu Energy Co., Ltd., Hunan Province (application number: 200610166019.9) and Chinese patent: Biomass gasification furnace ignition and gasification device (patent number ZL200520050980.2) and its supporting biomass gas stove (patent number ZL03284074.8), etc., have extremely serious tar pollution problems in the actual use process , because of this, for a long time, all the existing biomass gasifiers and their burning devices that have been used in households have become the household decorations of these users without exception. The main reason is that In addition to the "tar pollution" mentioned above, the biomass gasifiers and their combustion devices in the prior art also have more or less various limitations as follows:

[0004] 1. The smoke pollution is very serious, especially when the lid is opened and the material is added in the middle, there will be thick smoke escaping from the furnace mouth, which seriously affects the normal operation. Increased the indoor pollution of farmers, so farmers cannot accept it;

[0005] 2. The gas production speed is slow, the gas production is intermittent, and the gas production is very unstable, which affects the normal cooking operation;

[0006] 3. The calorific value of gas is small, the flame temperature is low, and its heat flow cannot meet the normal needs of general cooking and cooking;

[0007] 4. Poor quality of gas, incomplete combustion of gas, difficulty in burning the burner, and serious secondary pollution;

[0008] 5. It is inconvenient to ignite the main furnace, and the smoke pollution is serious when igniting;

[0009] 6. The material requirements are very strict, materials with high moisture content cannot be used, let alone domestic waste can be added to the furnace, so it cannot be used for waste treatment;

[0010] 7. Insufficient material utilization, low thermal efficiency and poor energy saving effect;

[0016] In fact, in the international scope, a method and device for instant gasification and combustion of biomass without "smoke and tar" pollution, which can effectively overcome all the above-mentioned limitations of the prior art, has not been reported so far.

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