Method for electrolyzing aluminum from ionic liquid on hyper-gravity basis

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for electrolyzing aluminum from an ionic liquid on a hyper-gravity basis and belongs to the field of metal electrodeposition under special conditions. The method of the invention comprises the following step: electrolyzing aluminum and subjecting an electrolytic tank to centrifugal rotation to generate a hyper-gravity field simultaneously, wherein aluminum sheets or aluminum-based composite material constitute the anode; stainless steel sheets or aluminum sheets constitute the cathode; the ionic liquid of chloroaluminate salt constitutes the electrolyte; and nitrogen or argon constitutes the protective gas. Accordingly, the electrolyzation of aluminum can be achieved in the hyper-gravity field, so as to obtain an aluminum deposition layer. The invention has the following advantages: the hyper-gravity field is capable of enhancing the processes of convection and dispersion, improving the mass transfer of ions, increasing the rate of deposition and reducing the preparation period of aluminum; finer aluminum grains and denser deposition layers can be obtained in the hyper-gravity field; moreover, the adhesion of the aluminum deposition layers can be obviously improved by the contingent mechanical effects, thereby preventing the dendritic crystal aluminum from being generated; the method can solve the problem that the deposition layer is likely to drop off; and no gas is generated at the anode during the refining process, thereby preventing the environmental pollution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal electrodeposition under special conditions, and in particular relates to a method for electrolyzing aluminum by using an ionic liquid in a supergravity environment. Background technique [0002] Aluminum plays a very important strategic role in social and economic development and industrial application with its excellent physical and mechanical properties. Traditional industrial production mainly adopts the Hall-Héroult method which has many disadvantages, such as high energy consumption, equipment corrosion, and serious environmental pollution. Since the standard potential of aluminum is -1.66V, it is almost impossible to deposit aluminum from an aqueous solution of aluminum salts, and the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) studied in recent years can be used for electrolytic aluminum, due to many advantages, such as good electrical conductivity , wide electrochemical window, good thermal stability, solub...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The deposition rate of aluminum under conventional gravity is 0.1-0.3 μm / min, and it takes a long time to obtain less aluminum deposition layer in the production process, which leads to problems such as low actual production efficiency

The deposition layer obtained by ionic liquid electrolysis is thin, and dendrites and powdery particles are easy to form during the deposition process, which is easy to fall off, so it is difficult to achieve good electroplating of metal aluminum on the substrate

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