Method for preparing multielement cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

A technology for lithium ion batteries and positive electrode materials, which is applied in battery electrodes, electrical components, circuits, etc., can solve the problems that it is difficult to meet the needs of large lithium ion power batteries, poor conductivity of lithium iron phosphate, and difficulty in practical application. High current charge and discharge capacity, good dispersion, and the effect of being beneficial to the production process

Active Publication Date: 2010-07-07
HUBEI HONGRUN HIGH-TECH NEW MATERIALS CO LTD
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These materials have their own advantages and disadvantages. The following is a brief description of several typical materials: spinel-type lithium manganese oxide (LiMn 2 o 4 ) is the cheapest, the production process is simple, and the safety is high. It is suitable for large-scale power batteries, but its capacity is low, and there is a John-Teller effect in the crystal lattice. It is prone to structural distortion during charging and discharging, resulting in rapid capacity decay. Especially at higher operating temperatures, the problem of capacity fading is more prominent, resulting in limited development space in practical applications; layered lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) is currently the most widely used commercial material, mainly used to make various small batteries. Its synthesis process is simple and the battery equipment technology is the most mature. Demand for ion power batteries; layered lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ) high capacity, large rate performance is also good, but in the process of preparation is easy to generate no electrochemical activity of the cubic crystal compound, the difficulty of practical application; olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) has begun to be used in commercial lithium-ion batteries due to its advantages of high mass-to-capacity, low price, no environmental pollution, high safety and thermal stability, and has great application prospects in hybrid vehicles, electric bicycles, motorcycles and other fields. However, lithium iron phosphate has poor conductivity. At present, carbon coating is mainly used to improve its conductivity. However, the tap density of lithium iron phosphate itself is very low, especially after carbon coating (generally only reaches 1.0-1.2g / cm 3 ), the low tap density greatly reduces its volume specific capacity, thus limiting its application in small batteries such as mobile phone batteries

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  • Method for preparing multielement cathode materials for lithium ion batteries
  • Method for preparing multielement cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0029] The multicomponent composite oxide lithium salt prepared in this embodiment is Li 1.1 Ni 1 / 3 co 1 / 3 mn 1 / 3 o 2 . First weigh NiSO according to the metal atomic ratio 4 、CoSO 4 , MnSO 4 , dissolved in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution with a total concentration of 1mol / L, then slowly add the above solution into the prepared 1mol / L NaOH solution, stir while adding, control the temperature at 80°C, and use NaOH solution Or dilute sulfuric acid to adjust pH=11, after reacting for 8 hours, filter the reaction mixture, wash the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol several times, then mix the precipitate obtained after cleaning with the corresponding proportion of LiOH·H 2 O is mixed evenly, then water and n-butanol (preferably in excess) are added to form an azeotropic system, stirred, azeotropically distilled and dried to obtain a precursor, the precursor is calcined at 400°C in oxygen or air for 5 hours, ground and sieved after cooling, and then Ca...

Embodiment 2

[0031] The multi-element composite oxide lithium salt prepared in this embodiment is LiNi 0.8 co 0.2 o 2 . First, weigh Ni(NO 3 ) 2 , Co(NO 3 ) 2 Dissolve in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution with a total concentration of 3mol / L, then slowly add the above solution into the prepared 2mol / L NH 4 OH solution, stirring while adding, the temperature is controlled at 55 ° C, with NH 4 OH solution or dilute nitric acid to adjust the pH to 12. After reacting for 10 hours, filter the reaction mixture, wash the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol several times, and then mix the cleaned precipitate with a corresponding proportion of LiOH·H 2 O mix evenly, add water, ethanol and benzene (ethanol and benzene are preferably in excess) to form an azeotropic system, stir, azeotropically distill and dry to obtain a precursor, calcinate the precursor at 450°C in oxygen or air for 6 hours, cool and grind After sieving, and then calcining at 900°C for 20 hours in an oxy...

Embodiment 3

[0033] The multicomponent composite oxide lithium salt prepared in this embodiment is Li 1.2 Ni 1 / 3 mn 2 / 3 o 2 . First, weigh Ni(NO 3 ) 2 , Mn(NO 3 ) 2 , dissolved in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution with a total concentration of 0.5mol / L, and then slowly add the above solution to the prepared 0.2mol / LNa 2 CO 3 solution, stirring while adding, the temperature was controlled at 75°C, and NH 4 OH solution or dilute nitric acid to adjust pH=6, after reacting for 6 hours, filter the reaction mixture, wash the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol several times, and then mix the washed precipitate with the corresponding proportion of Li 2 CO 3 Mix evenly, add water and isoamyl alcohol (preferably in excess) to form an azeotropic system, stir, azeotropically distill and dry to obtain a precursor, calcinate the precursor at 450°C in oxygen or air for 5 hours, grind and sieve after cooling, and then Calcined at 650°C for 5 hours in an oxygen or air atmosph...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing multielement cathode materials for lithium ion batteries and belongs to the field of secondary lithium ion batteries. The invention prepares various high-performance multielement cathode materials for the lithium ion batteries by using the method of drying a precursor by an azeotropic distillation method. The raw materials comprise lithium source compounds, nickel-cobalt-manganese source compounds, doped-metal source compounds and organic solvents which can form an azeotropic system with water. The invention improves the traditional coprecipitation method. The invention removes the moisture in the coprecipitation precursor by using the azeotropic distillation method, and replaces the precursor surface water with organic matters to obtain the high-dispersibility precursor which is uniformly mixed; and the precursor is sintered to form the product. Compared with the product prepared by the traditional method, the product of the invention has the advantages of small grains, uniform grain size distribution, high sphericity and large specific area, thereby promoting the diffusion of lithium ions and greatly enhancing the specific capacity and the heavy-current charging and discharging capability of the materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of secondary lithium-ion batteries, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a high-performance lithium-ion battery multi-element positive electrode material. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion battery is a commercial battery that has been developed in the past two decades. Because of its high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness, it has gradually replaced traditional lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. It is widely used as a supporting power supply for portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and notebook computers, as well as electric tools and electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries are mainly composed of positive electrode materials, separators, negative electrode materials, and electrolytes. The reason why existing commercial lithium-ion batteries have outstanding energy advantages is mainly due to their negative electro...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/1391H01M4/48
CPCY02E60/12Y02E60/122Y02E60/10
Inventor 夏圣安黄云辉袁利霞张五星胡先罗
Owner HUBEI HONGRUN HIGH-TECH NEW MATERIALS CO LTD
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