Single-photon counter for identifying empty-illumination thermo-electron noise pulse

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-photon counter for identifying an empty-illumination thermo-electron noise pulse. A photoelectric detector and an optical shutter are arranged in a film carrier; and an amplifier, an identifier, a pulse shaper, a counter, an embedded system, a step signal generator and a computer are arranged outside the film carrier and electrically connected with one another. When the single-photon counter is used, the optical shutter is closed; the thermo-electron noise pulse energy spectrum of a thermo-electron noise pulse signal of the photoelectric detector is scanned by the step signal generator and the identifier; a thermo-electron noise pulse energy spectrum curve measured by the computer when the shutter is closed is combined; lower threshold voltage is set by the embedded system and then is output to a reference voltage end of the identifier; and during measurement, thermo-electron noise pulses with lower amplitudes are filtered off, and photoelectron pulses with higher amplitudes are output to the counter, so that high signal to noise ratio is achieved, light intensity is measured under ultra-low noise, and defects of low sensitivity, high noise, low luminous intensity measurement stability and the like of the traditional single-photon counter are overcome. Moreover, the single-photon counter is suitable for various photoelectric sensors, and can be used for measuring ultra-weak optical signals during light scattering and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a non-illuminated thermionic noise pulse discrimination single photon counter. Background technique [0002] With the development of modern science and technology, the requirements for measuring weak optical signals in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, environment, astronomy and information science are getting higher and higher, and the demand is constantly growing. A single photon counter is a measurement method for measuring extremely faint light whose photocurrent intensity is greater than the thermal noise level of the photodetector itself at room temperature (10 -14 W) is lower, and the usual measurement method cannot measure this signal submerged in noise. Under the irradiation of extremely weak light, this method processes the light as a single photon, and the output of the photon detector is a natural discrete pulse signal, and the extremely weak light signal is extracted by pulse identification tech...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Most existing users of single photon counters are considering the above-mentioned defects, but they can only roughly estimate the threshold value, and cannot accurately determine its value. The threshold value setting is too large, and the threshold value is fixed. Influenced by various factors such as the use status and service life of each component in the upper system, the parameters of the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the entire instrument have dropped rapidly, which has seriously affected the research and development tasks of the industry.

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