Fire retardant, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fire-retardant composite material using same and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire retardant which comprises the following components by weight: 4-16 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 4-16 parts of pentaerythritol, 4-16 parts of melamine, 4-10 parts of aluminium hydroxide, and 0.1 part of carbon nanotubes; the invention also discloses an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fire-retardant composite material using the fire retardant and a preparation method thereof. The fire retardant of the invention is non-uniformly distributed in a network-like manner in the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fire-retardant composite material, has a small adding amount, maintains the good mechanical properties of the composite material, and also provides the composite material with good flame retardation performance. The ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fire-retardant composite material of the invention is prepared by a molding method; the obtained ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fire-retardant composite material has both good mechanical properties and good flame retardation performance; the preparation method is simple in process, convenient for operation, and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flame retardant composite materials, in particular to a flame retardant, and at the same time relates to an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene flame retardant composite material using the flame retardant and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a thermoplastic engineering plastic with a molecular weight of more than 1 million and excellent comprehensive properties. The material has extremely high wear resistance, impact resistance, extremely low friction coefficient and self-lubricating properties. These excellent properties make it greatly surpass all current engineering plastics and some metal materials in some aspects, and it is increasingly valued by people. And geotechnical engineering construction applications have broad application prospects, and have been widely used in the above-mentioned fields in developed countr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, the flame retardant mechanism of halogen-containing flame retardants is to terminate the free radical chain reaction and capture the active free radicals that transmit the combustion chain reaction; Corrosion of circuit system switches and other metal objects, causing serious damage to human respiratory tract and other organs

The flame retardant mechanism of inorganic flame retardants is to absorb the heat generated by thermal decomposition and reduce the temperature of the system; aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and boric acid are typical representatives; the disadvantage is that when the amount of addition is small, the flame retardant effect is not obvious, often reaching It does not meet the flame retardant requirements, but if the amount is too much, the mechanical properties of the material will be reduced, and sometimes it will bring great difficulties to the processing operation; and the effect of single use is very poor, and only when used together with halogen-containing flame retardants can synergy be brought into play. Flame retardant effect

The flame retardant mechanism of nitrogen-based flame retardants is to dilute the concentration of flammable substances and oxygen concentration, so that they fall below the ignition limit, and have a gas phase flame retardant effect, but the effect of using it alone is poor

The flame retardant mechanism of intumescent flame retardant is to promote the carbonization of polymers, reduce the generation of flammable gases, and form a layer of fluffy and homogeneous carbon layer on the surface of the material, which plays a role in heat insulation, oxygen insulation, smoke suppression, and prevention The effect of molten droplets achieves the purpose of flame retardancy; but usually, the filling amount of intumescent flame retardant is very large, which has a great negative impact on the mechanical properties and processing properties of composite materials, which also leads to this kind of flame retardancy. The application of the agent is limited

[0004] Since the viscosity of UHMWPE molten state is as high as 10 8 Pa*s, extremely poor fluidity, its melt index is almost zero, it is difficult to process with general polymer molding processing methods

Molding method is the most commonly used processing method for UHMWPE. When UHMWPE products are prepared by molding method, due to the poor mixing effect during processing and the high viscosity of UHMWPE, the flame retardant can only be distributed in the gaps of UHMWPE powder, resulting in the flame retardant in UHMWPE. Uneven distribution, on the one hand, will make the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant system originally suitable for polyolefin polymers worse in UHMWPE; on the other hand, the flame retardant will inhibit the fusion of UHMWPE powder during processing, resulting in its Decreased significantly