Preparation method for silicon dioxide/carbon compound and application to lithium/sodium ion batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method for a silicon dioxide / carbon compound and application to lithium / sodium ion batteries, and belongs to the technical field of composite materials. The technical scheme is shown as follows: firstly, crushing biomass ash into particles with the size less than centimeter level; then performing heat processing at 800-1500 DEG C in an argon, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or water vapor atmosphere for 4-20 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace temperature; and finally cleaning the obtained product in water or a diluted acid, separating, and drying the solid obtained after separation in a vacuum drying box at 80 DEG C, so as to obtain the silicon dioxide / carbon compound. The silicon dioxide / carbon compound is wide in raw material resource, low in cost and free of pollution to environment, and is suitable for industrialized large-scale production, and the obtained silicon dioxide / carbon compound is a lithium / sodium ion battery anode material with excellent performances.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a silicon dioxide / carbon composite by using biomass as a raw material, and the application of the silicon dioxide / carbon composite as negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Materials are the necessary material basis for human production activities and life, and are closely related to human civilization and technological progress. With the continuous progress and development of society, human beings are currently facing the dual challenges of resource depletion and living environment deterioration. Therefore, various countries are working hard to promote and develop new materials, promote the concept of low-carbon life, and promote human society to move towards a sustainable development model that is energy-saving and resource-recyclable. As alternative renewable...

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Problems solved by technology

There are some problems in the use of these materials: for example, the production cost of graphite anode materials is high, and the synthesis temperature is higher than 2000 °C; the structure of silicon and tin is unstable during charge and discharge, and the cycle performance is poor; the first-week coulombic efficiency of metal oxides These are to some extent limiting the wide application of inorganic anode materials

At present, it has been reported that rice husk, plant straw and other biomass are used as raw materials, after chemical treatment, and the use of NH 4 HF 2 Or HF dissolves silicon dioxide to obtain carbon material as the negative electrode material of lithium ion battery, but the process of this method is complicated, the operation is inconvenient, and the capacity decay of the obtained carbon material is larger when used as the negative electrode material of lithium ion battery (Wang, L.P.; Schnepp, Z.; Titirici, M.M., Rice husk-derived carbon anodes for lithium ion batteries. J Mater Chem A 2013, 1(17), 5269-5273.)

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