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Method for preparing organic fertilizer through processing agriculture and forestry wastes by using organic solvent

A technology of agricultural and forestry waste and organic solvents, applied in the field of agricultural and forestry waste reuse, can solve the problems of high cost, non-recyclable, large waste of chemicals, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-08-31
QILU UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This preparation process requires the addition of chemicals such as caustic soda, sodium sulfide, anthraquinone, and ammonium sulfite, and the black liquor with strong alkalinity needs to be precipitated with acid to obtain fulvic acid in the supernatant, which requires high energy consumption and chemical Product waste is large and cannot be recycled, so the cost is higher

Method used

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specific Embodiment approach

[0045] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0046] The raw materials or products used in the present invention are all commercially available products.

Embodiment 1

[0048] The air-dried wheat straw is pulverized to a size of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the physically pulverized wheat straw is added with 50% ethanol aqueous solution (volume ratio), the mass ratio of raw material and solvent is 1:8, the treatment temperature is 190 ° C, the time is 60 min, and the pressure is 5 Mpa. The treated solid-liquid mixture is filtered and separated on a 120-mesh mesh to obtain waste liquid and solid residues. The solid residues are mainly carbohydrates. The solid residues are washed with 55% ethanol aqueous solution to obtain solid carbohydrates, which can be used for papermaking. The waste liquid obtained by filtration and washing is directly distilled at 80°C, and the distillation residue is the organic fertilizer, and ethanol and water are recovered at the same time.

Embodiment 2

[0050] The air-dried corn stalks are pulverized to a size of 10-50 mm, the raw materials after physical pulverization are added with 85% formic acid aqueous solution (volume ratio), the mass ratio of raw materials and solvents is 1:10, the treatment temperature is 120 ° C, the time is 120 min, and the pressure is 0.8 Mpa , 5% of potassium formate relative to the raw material quality was added as a catalyst in the treatment process. The treated solid-liquid mixture is filtered and separated on a 100-mesh mesh to obtain waste liquid and solid residues. The solid residues are mainly carbohydrates. The solid residues are washed with 90% formic acid aqueous solution to obtain solid carbohydrates, which can be used for papermaking. Magnesium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate were added to the waste liquid obtained by filtration and washing, and the addition amounts were respectively 10%, 40% and 30% of the solids in the waste liquid. After the reaction is completed...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer through processing agriculture and forestry wastes by using an organic solvent. The method comprises the following steps: processing the agriculture and forestry wastes in high-temperature and high-pressure organic solvent environment to completely or partially depolymerize cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other chemical components in plant raw materials in order to dissolve above chemical components in a waste liquid, and distilling and drying the waste liquid to obtain the solid organic fertilizer and recover the organic solvent. The plant raw materials are depolymerized and degraded by the organic solvent to form the organic fertilizer which can be easily degraded by microorganisms and absorbed by plants, so the plant raw materials can improve soil and increase the fertility. The organic fertilizer obtained after processing with the polar organic solvent has limited solubility in water, contains abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups, carboxylic groups and other ionizable groups, can be combined with Ca, Mg, B, Zn, Se, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mo and other trace elements, and can be used as a sustained and controlled release fertilizer. The method converts the agriculture and forestry wastes into the organic fertilizer only through using the organic solvent without any acid or alkali, so the method has the advantages of low cost and good economic benefit.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of reuse of agricultural and forestry wastes, and in particular relates to a method for preparing organic fertilizers by treating agricultural and forestry wastes with organic solvents. Background technique [0002] Organic fertilizers are made of various animal wastes (including animal manure, animal processing wastes) and plant residues (cake fertilizers, crop straws, fallen leaves, dead branches, peat, etc.), using physical, chemical, biological or a combination of the three. It is a kind of fertilizer formed by eliminating harmful substances (pathogenic bacteria, disease and insect eggs, weed seeds, etc.) to the harmless standard after certain processing technology (high temperature, aerobic, anaerobic, etc.) . Organic fertilizer has the functions of improving soil, increasing fertility, increasing yield, and improving crop quality. [0003] There are various types of agricultural and forestry wastes, such as st...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C05G1/00C05F7/00C05F5/00D21H11/12
CPCC05B7/00C05D5/00C05F5/00C05F7/00D21H11/12C05B17/00C05D1/02C05D9/00C05D9/02Y02A40/20Y02E50/30Y02W30/40
Inventor 王兆江秦梦华
Owner QILU UNIV OF TECH
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