Micro plastic continuous separation and enrichment device and method

A technology for separation, enrichment and microplastics, which is applied in the direction of plastic recycling, recycling technology, etc., can solve the problems of inability to achieve continuous separation, reduce separation efficiency, and complex overall structure, and achieve efficient and convenient separation methods, simple device structure, and increased The effect of recycling efficiency

Active Publication Date: 2018-06-19
NANJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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Problems solved by technology

Although compared with the traditional method, the separation efficiency has been improved to a certain extent, but there are still problems such as cumbersome steps, more manual intervention, and time-consuming and labor-intensive problems.
Especially when the overflow liquid in the outer beaker (5) exceeds a certain volume, the separation needs to be stopped, and the overflow liquid in the outer beaker is transferred out, and continuous separation cannot be achieved
In 2015, Zhu et al. optimized the column length and diameter, sieve size, flow rate, separation time and other related parameters of the separation device to improve the recovery rate of microplastics to a certain extent. There is still a certain gap in the separation efficiency, and the recovery rate is unstable, the highest is 50.2% (Zhu X.Optimization of elutriation device forfiltration of microplastic particles from sediment.[J].Marine PollutionBulletin,2015,92(1-2):69 -72)
In May 2015, Zhang Haibo and others invented a continuous flow separation flotation device and method for micro-particle plastics on the above separation device (patent application number 201510227085.1). , vibrating screen, recovery tank and sample cup are connected by pipelines and peristaltic pumps, realizing semi-automatic continuous flow flotation of large-volume solid samples, but using air as the medium for separation and filtration is not easy to completely float microplastics, and the overall Complex structure, low recycling efficiency
In October 2016, Zhang Kai and others invented a microplastic separation method and device (authorized announcement number CN206106152U), which uses the method of filling the sample to be processed and the density solution inside the cylinder, fully stirs, and the suspension is left to stand. , extract the non-precipitated layer, and filter the microplastics to obtain the separated and extracted microplastics, and use the density solution as the medium to separate and filter the microplastics, but in actual operation, the suspension formed by the density solution and the microplastics is easy to adhere to the inner wall of the separation column, reducing the separation efficiency

Method used

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  • Micro plastic continuous separation and enrichment device and method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] Add 0.5017g of polyethylene microplastic particles with a particle diameter of less than 5mm (average diameter of 350μm) into the air-dried soil with a volume of 10% of the separator, mix evenly, and use it as a simulated sediment sample.

[0030] like figure 1As shown, add the simulated sediment sample to be separated in the separator 3, open the control switch of the peristaltic pump 9 and the inlet of the separator 3; add the density solution in the storage tank 10, so that the density solution passes through the peristaltic pump from the storage tank 10 9. Pump into the separator 3 with a magnetic stirring speed of 70rpm to obtain a suspension A mixed with the density solution and the sample to be separated. The distance between them is about 2.0 cm. The components of the density solution are inorganic salt solution and biodegradable surfactant. The inorganic salt solution is a saturated solution of sodium chloride, and the biodegradable surfactant is Sophora Glyco...

Embodiment 2

[0034] Add 0.5017g of polyethylene microplastic particles with a particle diameter of less than 5mm (average diameter of 350μm) into the air-dried soil with a volume of 8% of the separator, and mix evenly, as a simulated sediment sample.

[0035] Prepare the density solution, the density solution components are inorganic salt solution and biodegradable surfactant, the inorganic salt solution is a saturated solution of sodium chloride and sodium iodide, and the biodegradable surfactant is a concentration of 5mg / L alkyl Glycoside solution. The flow rate of the peristaltic pump is 300mL / min, the speed of the magnetic stirrer is 1000rpm, the gas flow rate of the air pump is 5L / min, the aperture of the screen is 250μm, the cycle time is 1h, the drying time is 6h, and the temperature is 90°C; other operating steps are the same

[0036] Example 1.

[0037] The final mass obtained was 0.4918 g, the sample recovery rate was 98.03%, and it was identified as added polyethylene microplas...

Embodiment 3

[0039] Add 0.5017g of polyethylene microplastic particles with a particle diameter of less than 5mm (average diameter of 350μm) into the air-dried soil with a volume of 6% of the separator, mix evenly, and use it as a simulated sediment sample.

[0040] Preparation density solution, density solution component is inorganic salt solution and biodegradable surfactant, and inorganic salt solution is the saturated solution of sodium iodide, and biodegradable surfactant is that concentration is respectively sophorolipid 1mg / L, cascarna A mixed solution of glycolipid 1mg / L and alkyl glycoside 1mg / L. The flow rate of the peristaltic pump is 150mL / min, the speed of the magnetic stirrer is 200rpm, the gas flow rate of the air pump is 2L / min, the aperture of the screen is 45μm, the cycle time is 3h, the drying time is 3h, and the temperature is 94°C; other operation steps are carried out in the same way example 1.

[0041] The final mass obtained was 0.4977g, the sample recovery rate wa...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a micro plastic separation, enrichment and concentration device comprising an air pump, an aeration branch pipe, a separator, a screen net, a connector, an inlet branch pipe, an overflowing branch pipe and a storage groove. One end of the aeration branch pipe is connected with the air pump, and the other end of the aeration branch pipe communicates with the interior of theseparator. One end of the overflowing branch pipe is connected with an overflowing outlet in the upper portion of the separator, the other end of the overflowing branch pipe communicates with the storage groove, and the screen net is fixed above the storage groove through the overflowing branch pipe. One end of the inlet branch pipe is connected with an inlet in the lower portion of the separator,and the other end of the inlet branch pipe communicates with the interior of the storage groove. The micro plastic continuous separation and enrichment device is simple in structure, a separation method is efficient, convenient and fast and stable in operation, the recycling efficiency of micro plastic is improved, and continuous flotation, automatic separation and concentration and enrichment ofsediment and the micro plastic in soil are realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a pollutant separation and enrichment pretreatment device and method, in particular to a separation and enrichment device and method suitable for microplastics in solid phase media such as sediment, soil, and sludge. Background technique [0002] While the development of the plastics industry has brought convenience to the production and life of human society, a large amount of waste plastic waste has accumulated in the environment and entered the water and soil environment media from different ways. Under the synergistic effects of solar radiation, wind waves or ocean currents, , large plastic fragments decompose into smaller plastic fragments or particles; in 2004 Thompson first used microplastics to describe small-sized plastics [Thompson R C, Russell A E. Lost at sea: where is all theplastic? [J].Science,2004,304(5672):838], plastic fragments or particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm are defined as microplastics. Since...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B29B17/02
CPCB29B17/02B29B2017/0244Y02W30/62
Inventor 陈亚君王风贺杨瑜康李卉苗家赫毛春
Owner NANJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY
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