Transitional metal phosphide-carbon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

A technology of carbon composite materials and transition metals, applied in nanotechnology, electrochemical generators, electrical components, etc. for materials and surface science, can solve problems affecting battery cycle performance, powdering of electrode materials, volume expansion, etc. Achieve the effect of improving the kinetic process of the electrode reaction, good rate performance, and avoiding particle agglomeration

Active Publication Date: 2018-09-07
YANSHAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Transition metal phosphides have a high theoretical capacity as a new type of battery negative electrode material, but there is a serious volume expansion problem during the electrode reaction process, which leads to powdering and shedding of the electrode material during multiple charge and discharge processes, thereby affecting the cycle of the battery performance

Method used

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  • Transitional metal phosphide-carbon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Transitional metal phosphide-carbon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Transitional metal phosphide-carbon composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0030] The invention provides a kind of preparation method of transition metal phosphide-carbon composite material, comprises the following steps:

[0031] (1) adding the transition metal ion salt solution dropwise to the carbon precursor suspension to carry out a complexation reaction to obtain a complexation solution, the carbon precursor being egg shells, shrimp shells or chitosan;

[0032] (2) mixing the complex solution, potassium hydroxide and phosphorus source obtained in the step (1) and evaporating to dryness to obtain a transition metal phosphide-carbon composite material precursor;

[0033] (3) in an inert atmosphere, the transition metal phosphide-carbon composite material precursor obtained in the step (2) is roasted to obtain a roasted product;

[0034] (4) soaking the calcined product obtained in the step (3) in mineral acid to obtain a transition metal phosphide-carbon composite material.

[0035] In the invention, the transition metal ion salt solution is add...

Embodiment 1

[0065] (1) Add 1.2g of egg shells into 100ml of deionized water, and stir for 2 hours by magnetic force.

[0066] (2) Dissolve 1 mmol of nickel acetate in a small amount of deionized water, add dropwise to the above liquid under constant stirring, and stir magnetically for 3 hours.

[0067] (3) Add 1.2g of potassium hydroxide solution and keep stirring, then add 1.2g of red phosphorus and stir for 1 hour, evaporate to dryness at 80°C, and dry in a 70°C drying oven.

[0068] (4) Keep the temperature at 700°C for 2 hours in an inert gas atmosphere, and the heating rate is 2°C / min. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained product was washed with 1M HNO 3 After immersing in ultrasound for 20 min, wash with deionized water and ethanol three times, and dry in a 70°C drying oven to obtain a transition metal phosphide-carbon composite (Ni 2 P@NPC).

Embodiment 2

[0070] (1) Add 1.2g of chitosan into 100ml of deionized water, and stir for 4 hours by magnetic force.

[0071] (2) Dissolve 2 mmol of nickel acetate in a small amount of deionized water, add dropwise to the above liquid under constant stirring, and stir magnetically for 2 hours.

[0072] (3) Add 2.4g of potassium hydroxide solution and keep stirring, then add 2.4g of red phosphorus and stir for 1 hour, evaporate to dryness at 80°C, and dry in a 70°C drying oven.

[0073] (4) Keep warm at 700°C for 2h in an inert gas atmosphere. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the obtained product was treated with 2MHNO 3 After immersing in ultrasound for 20 min, wash with deionized water and ethanol three times, and dry in a 70°C drying oven to obtain a transition metal phosphide-carbon composite (Ni 2 P@NPC).

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Abstract

The invention provides a transitional metal phosphide-carbon composite material, which belongs to the field of electrochemical energy materials. A carbon precursor is used as a carbon source and a nitrogen source, the transitional metal ions are uniformly dispersed on a carbon precursor substrate by virtue of a complexing effect of the transitional metal ions and the carbon precursor, and the single-dispersed transitional metal phosphide nano particles are in-situ synthesized by virtue of the phosphorization process. The single-dispersed transitional metal phosphide nano particles are embeddedinto the carbon material substrate, so that the volume expansion of the phosphide particles in the charging-discharging process can be alleviated, the cycling stability of the material can be improved, the electric conductivity of the composite material can also be increased, the reaction dynamics process of an electrode is accelerated, the heteroatom-doped carbon is combined with the transitional metal phosphide by virtue of a covalent bond, so that the interaction of the heteroatom-doped carbon and the transitional metal phosphide is improved, the clustering problem of the phosphide particles in the charging and discharging process can be solved, and the synergistic effect between the carbon and phosphide improves the specific capacity and rate capability of the composite material.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy materials, in particular to a transition metal phosphide-carbon composite material and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] The storage and conversion of energy has become an important issue restricting the sustainable development of the world economy. Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life, no memory effect, high working voltage, low self-discharge and environmental friendliness, and are widely used in various fields such as portable electronics, aerospace and electric vehicles. However, the main reason restricting the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries is that the reserves of lithium in the earth's crust are not enough to meet people's growing demand for lithium-ion batteries. With the development of science and technology, the performance requirements of lithium-ion batteries in various fi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/58H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00B82Y40/00
CPCB82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/362H01M4/5805H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 赵玉峰史姗姗黄世飞
Owner YANSHAN UNIV
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