26results about How to "Improve reaction kinetics" patented technology

This invention relates to the field of hafnium carbide technology and discloses a thermal decomposition preparation process for hafnium carbide precursors. The process includes: dissolving hafnium tetrachloride in anhydrous ethanol, adding propylene oxide dropwise for neutralization and acid removal to obtain a neutral ethanol-hafnium precursor solution; adding ethyl acetoacetate methacrylate and heating for coordination to obtain a hafnium coordination monomer solution; adding acrylonitrile and an initiator and heating for polymerization; when the viscosity of the reaction solution increases, injecting a dimethyl sulfoxide hot solution of melamine as a locking liquid; precipitating, separating, and drying to obtain the hafnium carbide precursor; and after oxidative crosslinking treatment, calcining at high temperature under an inert atmosphere to undergo carbothermic reduction to obtain hafnium carbide powder. This invention achieves molecular-level dispersion of precursor components through liquid-phase coordination and in-situ network locking, effectively reducing the reaction temperature and inhibiting grain agglomeration, thus producing high-purity, ultrafine hafnium carbide powder.

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant negative electrode zinc paste and a low-temperature alkaline zinc-manganese battery containing the zinc paste. The negative electrode zinc paste comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-65 parts of zinc powder, 1-2 parts of a composite conductive agent, 0.1-0.3 part of a composite corrosion inhibitor and 35-38 parts of a low-temperature electrolyte; the low-temperature electrolyte comprises a multi-element nonionic surfactant system, a multi-element nano anti-freezing agent system and a mixed solution A, the 3.9 ohm discharge capacity of the battery under the condition of-40 DEG C is larger than or equal to 60% compared with the capacity retention rate at normal temperature, the interface impedance amplification is smaller than or equal to 15%, the hydrogen evolution amount is reduced by 80% on year-on-year basis, the process is compatible with an existing production line, and the battery is suitable for polar scientific investigation and electronic equipment in plateau and cold regions.

This invention belongs to the field of material surface treatment technology, specifically relating to a wafer polishing slurry, its preparation method, and its application. The wafer polishing slurry comprises abrasives, oxidants, dispersants, surfactants, pH adjusters, and water. The components of the wafer polishing slurry work synergistically, shortening polishing time and improving polishing efficiency when applied to wafer polishing. Furthermore, it significantly improves the surface quality of the polished wafer, markedly reducing scratches and defects, and lowering surface roughness to below 0.15 nm, thus meeting the surface quality requirements of fields such as power electronics and radio frequency devices.

This invention discloses Ni2Fe(SO4) 0.5 (OH)6(H2O) 3.85 This paper discusses / NF catalysts, their preparation methods, and applications, belonging to the field of catalyst synthesis technology. Using large-size nickel foam as a substrate, Ni₂Fe(SO₄) is directly prepared through one-step in-situ microwave-driven growth. 0.5 (OH)6(H2O) 3.85 The nanosheet array eliminates the need for subsequent loading or additional processing, simplifying the process and enhancing the bond between the catalyst and the substrate. This catalyst exhibits excellent performance in hydrogen production via water electrolysis, particularly in seawater electrolysis.

The invention discloses a WS2 / W composite material, a preparation method thereof and application of the WS2 / W composite material in a sodium-sulfur battery. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly stirring isopropanol and acetone to obtain a mixed solution A; weighing tungsten hexachloride, adding the tungsten hexachloride into the mixed solution A, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution B; transferring into a reaction kettle, sealing and putting into a drying oven for reaction; after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration and washing on a product by using industrial alcohol, and drying in a vacuum oven to obtain W18O49 powder; the method comprises the following steps: weighing W18O49 powder and sublimed sulfur, respectively and correspondingly placing the W18O49 powder and sublimed sulfur in a first porcelain boat and a second porcelain boat, then placing the second porcelain boat in the first porcelain boat, placing the second porcelain boat in a tubular furnace, introducing argon into a furnace chamber of the tubular furnace, after the pressure of the furnace chamber is increased to 0.2-0.3 MPa, keeping the airtightness of the system, heating to 1100-1300 DEG C at the rate of 20 DEG C / min, keeping the pressure at 0.2-0.3 MPa in the heating process, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 hours; and after the temperature reaches 1100-1300 DEG C, continuously preserving heat for 2 hours, introducing argon, cooling to room temperature, and collecting to obtain WS2 / W powder. The problems of poor conductivity of the sulfur positive electrode, polysulfide shuttle effect and slow reaction kinetics are solved.

The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalysts, in particular to a nonmetal plasmon heterojunction material, a preparation method and application thereof and a method for preparing p-aminophenol through reduction of p-nitrophenol. The nonmetal plasmon heterojunction material provided by the invention comprises a C3N4 nanosheet and a WO3-x nanoplate (x is 0.1 to 0.3) positioned on the surface of the C3N4 nanosheet. The WO3-x local surface plasmon characteristic can effectively expand the spectral response range of the non-metal plasmon heterojunction material in a visible region to a near-infrared region, and the light absorption efficiency of the non-metal plasmon heterojunction material is remarkably enhanced. The nonmetal plasmon heterojunction material provided by the invention can realize efficient reduction of p-nitrophenol based on the synergistic effect of an interface heterojunction, a built-in electric field and oxygen vacancies, is high in selectivity, has excellent photocatalytic activity for reduction of p-nitrophenol, and is excellent in photocatalytic activity stability.

The invention provides a bimetallic nitride catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of catalysts.The preparation method comprises the steps that ferric nitrate and soluble starch are added into water and stirred to be gelatinized, and gelatinized liquid is obtained; adding zinc nitrate, dicyandiamide and cobalt nitrate into the gelatinized liquid, and uniformly stirring to obtain hydrogel; the hydrogel is subjected to freeze drying, and aerogel is obtained; the aerogel is placed in an ammonia atmosphere, heat preservation is conducted for 2-6 h at the temperature of 850-950 DEG C, the bimetallic nitride catalyst containing the iron-cobalt nitride is obtained, and the bimetallic nitride catalyst is high in oxygen reduction reaction activity and cycling stability.

This invention relates to the field of membrane technology, specifically to a nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber catalytic membrane loaded with monatomic iron, its preparation method, and its application. It includes the following steps: (1) dissolving polyacrylonitrile and ferric chloride hexahydrate in a solvent to obtain an electrospinning precursor solution; (2) electrospinning the electrospinning precursor solution to obtain a precursor fiber membrane; (3) calcining the precursor fiber membrane under a protective atmosphere to obtain a nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber catalytic membrane loaded with monatomic iron. The nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber catalytic membrane loaded with monatomic iron prepared by this invention achieves near-complete utilization of metal atoms in advanced oxidation processes, significantly improving pollutant degradation activity and reaction kinetics; this material also possesses excellent structural stability and recyclability, providing a new design concept and technical path for developing efficient and scalable water treatment catalytic materials.

This invention discloses a polyaniline-coated copper-based Prussian blue analog composite cathode material, its preparation method, and its application in secondary seawater batteries. The cathode material uses carbon cloth as a conductive substrate. First, a copper layer is formed on the surface of the carbon cloth by electrodeposition, followed by oxidation to obtain copper oxide nanosheets. Then, copper-based Prussian blue analog nanosheets are generated through in-situ conversion induced by potassium ferricyanide and ligands. Finally, aniline is oxidatively polymerized under acidic and low-temperature conditions to construct a polyaniline conductive coating layer on the surface of the copper-based Prussian blue analog nanosheets, resulting in the CuHCF@PANI / CC composite cathode material. This material combines a three-dimensional open nanosheet array structure with a uniform polyaniline protective layer, effectively improving electron transport capability, reducing the desolvation barrier of hydrated metal ions and interfacial transport resistance, buffering volume changes during charge and discharge, and suppressing the dissolution of active materials and electrolyte side reactions. This cathode material is suitable for secondary seawater batteries using seawater as the electrolyte, exhibiting high specific capacity, rate performance, and cycle stability, which is of great significance for the development of safe, low-cost, and sustainable energy storage technologies.

The application discloses a nitrogen-doped carbon lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode carrier material with directional pores and iron monatomic anchoring, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode materials. Graphene oxide and cellulose nanofibers are dispersed in water to form a dispersion liquid; a mixed metal salt solution prepared by zinc salt and iron salt is added to the dispersion liquid, and a composite hydrogel is formed through electrostatic self-assembly; the composite hydrogel is placed on a pre-cooled metal substrate to perform directional freezing and freeze-drying, and an aerogel precursor with a directional pore structure is obtained; the aerogel precursor is subjected to programmed temperature carbonization with a solid nitrogen source, and a nitrogen-doped carbon lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode carrier material with directional pores and iron monatomic anchoring is obtained. Through the cooperation of directional freezing and gas-phase doping, vertical through pores are constructed, and iron monatomic atoms are anchored, the shuttle effect is inhibited, high specific capacity, excellent rate and long cycle life are realized, and the capacity retention rate reaches 88.5% after 600 cycles at 0.1C.

The invention discloses a process for high-temperature harmless treatment of overhaul slag. The aluminum electrolysis overhaul slag is crushed and mixed with sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate, the sodium carbonate reacts with the overhaul slag at the high temperature to convert a fluorine-containing compound into soluble fluoride, meanwhile, the calcium carbonate is mixed at the high temperature, the soluble fluoride is converted into CaF2, and the fluorine curing effect is achieved. The method can effectively solve the problem of safe disposal of dangerous waste residues generated by electrolytic aluminum, so that the dangerous waste residues meet the environmental protection requirement, and the purpose of comprehensive and harmless treatment of the electrolytic aluminum overhaul waste residues is achieved.

The application discloses a preparation method of a copper-cobalt-doped carbon nitride electrocatalyst, and a product and application thereof. The copper-cobalt-doped carbon nitride electrocatalyst is prepared by taking 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole as a precursor, 1,10-phenanthroline as a ligand, and a copper source and a cobalt source as metal sources, and has a C3N5 carrier and Cu / Co dispersed in the carrier. The catalyst has rich active sites and excellent conductivity, and through the synergistic effect of copper and cobalt, the hydrogen evolution side reaction is inhibited, and the activity, selectivity and stability of the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to produce ammonia are improved. The problems of low activity, low faradic efficiency, poor stability and high cost of the existing electrocatalytic nitrate reduction ammonia catalyst are effectively solved. The preparation method adopts a non-noble metal + non-metal substrate, raw materials are easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple, and the cost is low, and thus the method can realize large-scale production. The obtained catalyst is suitable for the field of electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to produce ammonia, can realize water nitrate pollutant treatment and high-value ammonia resource recycling, and has dual benefits of environmental protection and economy.

The invention provides a platinum nanoparticle antifouling oxidation reduction metal electrode based on MOF material modification and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of marine pollution detection. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out electrodeposition on a platinum-based electrode by using K2PtCl4 and CTAB to form a platinum nanoparticle substrate, then mixing BDC-F4 and ZrO (NO3) 22H2O by using a hydrothermal reaction to form a UiO-66-F4 MOF material, and finally putting the electrode into a solution to obtain Pt NPs at UiO-66-F4. The prepared electrode can inhibit adhesion of organic macromolecules in seawater, and has excellent stability.

This invention provides a hydrogen-bonded stable bipolar organic small molecule cathode material, its preparation method, and its application, comprising the following steps: weighing a conductive agent and a binder, adding a solvent, and grinding uniformly to obtain a slurry; uniformly coating the slurry onto a current collector; and drying to obtain the cathode material.

The invention discloses an aqueous zinc-iodine battery electrolyte additive, an electrolyte preparation method and an aqueous zinc-iodine battery preparation method, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is used as a multifunctional electrolyte additive, and reversible four-electron conversion reaction is realized by synergistically regulating and controlling a zinc ion solvation structure and stable iodine positive ions, so that the zinc-iodine battery electrolyte additive is obtained. The energy density and the cycling stability of the water-based zinc-iodine battery are greatly improved, and dendritic crystal generation and side reaction can be inhibited. The electrolyte is composed of ZnSO and CHPTAC, and the pH value of the electrolyte is 5-6. The positive electrode of the iodine battery adopts a current collector-free structure, and a self-supporting electrode is prepared by compounding iodine and activated carbon and combining with carbon nanotube slurry. The zinc-iodine total battery constructed by the electrolyte and the iodine positive electrode has remarkable performance advantages.

The application discloses an electrolytic water device. The electrolytic water device comprises a shell, a cathode and an anode; the shell has a cavity inside, and water inlets and outlets are arranged on opposite surfaces of the shell; wherein the diameter of the water inlet is larger than that of the water outlet; the cathode and the anode are arranged in the cavity, and extend along the direction from the water inlet to the water outlet; the two ends of the anode in the extending direction are fixed to the inner wall of the shell; the cathode and the anode are both in the form of a sheet, and the anode and the cathode are arranged in a stacked manner with a spacing, and the sheet surface of the anode protrudes towards the cathode. The sheet anode with a curved surface structure is constructed in the embodiment of the application, the anode and the cathode are arranged in a stacked manner with a spacing, a water flow channel similar to a Venturi structure with a narrow middle and wide ends is formed, the ionization activity can be improved at the electric field concentration, and the turbulent flow can be formed at the two ends to quickly take the bubbles away from the electrode surface, so that the water with a wide TDS value can be effectively electrolyzed, and the disinfection and sterilization requirement can be met.

The application relates to a method for preparing a nano-flower-shaped positive electrode material by modifying commercial V2O5, wherein commercial V2O5 is used as raw material, and a metal salt is used as a dopant; the commercial V2O5 and the metal salt are respectively added into deionized water, H2O2 is added after mixing, and continuous stirring is carried out until the solution is changed into a uniform orange-yellow liquid; the solution is transferred into a high-pressure reaction kettle, hydrothermal reaction is carried out, centrifugal separation is carried out, and drying is carried out in a freeze dryer, so that a nano-flower-shaped aqueous zinc ion battery positive electrode material is obtained. The aqueous zinc ion battery positive electrode material prepared by the method has the characteristics of good rate performance, high discharge specific capacity and high cycle stability, provides a feasible path for modification of V2O5 material, and provides a new selection for commercial application of the aqueous zinc ion battery.

This invention discloses a carbon-plastic bipolar plate for a zinc-bromine flow battery, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of electrochemical energy storage technology. The method includes: dispersing nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanotubes and spraying them onto the positive electrode side of a carbon-plastic bipolar plate; after drying, a nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanotube-modified positive electrode carbon-plastic bipolar plate is obtained; dispersing boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon and spraying it onto the negative electrode side of a pretreated carbon-plastic bipolar plate, after drying again, a boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon-plastic negative electrode carbon-plastic bipolar plate is obtained. On the positive electrode side, the nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanotubes catalyze the bromine reaction through nitrogen doping, reducing the overpotential; the hollow structure adsorbs bromine species and uses charge action to inhibit bromine permeation, reducing self-discharge. On the negative electrode side, the boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon uses B-N zinc-loving sites to guide uniform and dense zinc deposition, inhibiting dendrite formation; and inhibits hydrogen evolution through charge regulation. Both methods synergistically improve the bromine barrier performance, reaction kinetics, and dendrite suppression ability of the carbon-plastic bipolar plate.

In order to improve the lithium precipitation problem of a pole piece, the invention provides a battery cell and a battery, the battery cell comprises a positive plate and a negative plate, the positive plate comprises a positive current collector, a positive tab and a positive active material layer, the positive active material layer is arranged on at least one side of the positive current collector, and the positive tab is connected with the positive current collector; the negative plate comprises a negative current collector, a negative tab and a negative active material layer, the negative active material layer is arranged on at least one side of the negative current collector, and the negative tab is connected with the negative current collector; in the length direction of the negative plate, the coating surface density of the negative active material layer is gradually increased along the direction far away from the negative tab; and in any region of the battery cell, the ratio K of the coating surface density of the negative electrode active material layer to the coating surface density of the positive electrode active material layer at the corresponding position is more than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.52.

The invention discloses a system and a method for recycling valuable metals of a lithium ion battery through cooperation of wet grinding and vacuum pyrolysis. The recycling method comprises the following steps: completely discharging a waste lithium ion battery, disassembling and separating a positive plate and a negative plate, crushing and sieving, and collecting undersize powder; mixing with a grinding medium, and carrying out ball milling by adopting a ball milling tank; the slurry is sieved after being dried, and screen underflow is collected and is electrode black powder; putting the electrode black powder into a vacuum pyrolysis reactor, vacuumizing and then pyrolyzing; and after the pyrolysis is finished, cooling to room temperature under vacuum or inert gas protection to obtain a valuable metal solid product. The method is carried out at a relatively low temperature, metal oxidation can be inhibited, generation of harmful gas is reduced, separation and pyrolysis with higher adaptability to raw materials are realized, and directional recovery is realized.

The embodiment of the present application provides a homogeneous heterogeneous synergistic catalyst, a low-temperature lithium-carbon dioxide battery and a preparation method thereof, the homogeneous heterogeneous synergistic catalyst is applied to the low-temperature lithium-carbon dioxide battery, the homogeneous heterogeneous synergistic catalyst comprises a homogeneous catalyst and a heterogeneous catalyst, the homogeneous catalyst comprises a molybdenum carbide / carbon nanowire self-supporting electrode material, and the heterogeneous catalyst comprises a phthalocyanine substance added in an electrolyte. In the embodiment of the present application, through the synergistic effect of the homogeneous catalyst and the heterogeneous catalyst, the overpotential in the charging and discharging process of the battery can be complementarily reduced, the electrochemical performance and the cycle stability of the battery are improved, and the battery has good rate performance and cycle performance.

The invention discloses a solid-state battery interface stress buffer layer and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage devices, and the construction method comprises the following steps: preparation of composite powder: under the protection of an inert atmosphere, mechanically mixing a positive electrode active material, a sulfide solid electrolyte and an interface buffer agent to obtain composite precursor powder; preparing a densified green body: carrying out hot pressing treatment on the composite precursor powder to obtain a densified composite positive electrode green body; and preparing an electrode material: adding a conductive agent and a binder into the densified composite positive electrode green body, uniformly mixing to obtain the composite positive electrode material containing the interface stress buffer layer, and preparing the electrode material by introducing a specific interface buffer agent and optimizing the compounding and forming process of the interface buffer agent and the electrode material. And the solid-state battery interface stress buffer layer with a stable structure is constructed.

This invention belongs to the field of solid-state electrolyte preparation technology, and discloses a modified porous-dense solid-state electrolyte and its preparation method, comprising: spreading molten salt material onto the porous layer surface of the porous-dense solid-state electrolyte, and heating it for the first time until the molten salt material melts; wherein, the porous-dense solid-state electrolyte comprises a porous layer and a dense layer composed of solid electrolyte powder; after the molten salt material melts, it is heated for the second time to decompose the molten salt material, and the decomposition products of the molten salt material adhere to the surface of the porous layer to obtain the modified porous-dense solid-state electrolyte. This invention provides a simple and easily scalable surface modification method based on molten salt, avoiding the use of expensive and complex surface coating technology, significantly improving the non-wetting problem between the ion-conducting network and the alkali metal, achieving the goal of improving the utilization rate of the alkali metal in the negative electrode, thereby realizing stable cycling of solid-state alkali metal batteries under high current density and large area capacity.

The present application relates to a kind of transition metal corrosion foam nickel load rare earth oxide composite electrode material and its preparation method and application, method includes: after pretreatment, foam nickel is immersed in the corrosion liquid containing transition metal salt and is carried out chemical corrosion treatment, obtain transition metal corrosion foam nickel;Transition metal corrosion foam nickel is working electrode, in the deposition liquid containing rare earth salt is carried out electrodeposition, obtain composite electrode material precursor;Finally, by calcination treatment, obtain composite electrode material.The present application constructs micro-nano rough structure on the surface of foam nickel by chemical corrosion, significantly increases electrochemical active area, realizes the uniform loading of active component and interface optimization in combination with rare earth oxide electrodeposition, the composite electrode material obtained has the advantages such as large specific surface area, active site is rich, electron transmission is efficient, catalytic performance is excellent and stability is good, can be widely applied to electrocatalysis field, provides a general platform for non-noble metal electrocatalyst.

The application belongs to the technical field of electrocatalysis, and particularly relates to application of a spinel catalyst in a benzylamine oxidation reaction for preparing nitrile. The catalyst is a spinel type copper-doped cobalt-based oxide CuCo2O4 catalyst supported on a foamed nickel, and the CuCo2O4 forms a nano-sheet array structure. The catalyst is used as a working electrode to perform an electrocatalytic oxidation reaction in an alkaline electrolyte containing benzylamine, and benzyl cyanide is generated. 2+ / Co 3+ / Co 4+ reversible conversion of multiple valence states, so that the high-valence cobalt active species is generated at a lower potential and remains stable, the potential window of the efficient oxidation reaction of benzylamine is widened, and the selectivity and Faraday efficiency of benzyl cyanide generation are improved. Meanwhile, the catalyst is used in the oxidation reaction of benzylamine and coupled with a cathode hydrogen evolution reaction, so that hydrogen is generated while the working voltage of the electrolytic cell is significantly reduced, and excellent energy utilization efficiency and comprehensive electrocatalytic performance are exhibited.

This invention belongs to the field of electrocatalysis and discloses a rare earth oxide-based electrocatalytic material and its application. The rare earth oxide-based electrocatalytic material comprises FeNi3 / RE2O3, where RE represents a rare earth element. In the rare earth oxide-based electrocatalytic material provided by this invention, the unique 4f electrons of RE2O3 regulate the electronic structure of FeNi3, optimizing the adsorption energy barrier of protonated hydrogen on the catalyst surface, regulating the adsorption state of hydrogen evolution intermediates on the catalyst surface, accelerating the reaction kinetics of the catalyst, and enabling the catalyst to exhibit satisfactory electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity in alkaline media. It has the potential for application in the electrolytic water electrolysis hydrogen production industry, with significant practical and economic value.