Non-noble metal acetylene selective hydrogenation catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-noble metal acetylene selective hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of loaded nanoparticle catalysts. Nickel salt and zinc salt are loaded on a carbon material through an impregnation method, and the carbon material is firstly treated under a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain a Ni3Zn catalyst, and then is treated under an acetylene atmosphere to obtain a Ni3ZnC0.7 catalyst. A performance test of acetylene selective hydrogenation reaction shows that the catalyst exhibits excellent selectivity (about 82%) in the reaction after the introduction of carbon atoms to form a Ni3ZnC0.7 structure, and a performance test at a high conversion rate for a long time also shows that the structure and activityof the catalyst have good stability.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of supported nanoparticle catalysts, in particular to a non-noble metal acetylene selective hydrogenation catalyst and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Ethylene is the cornerstone of the modern chemical industry. One of its important uses is to produce polyethylene with various structures and specifications through polymerization. The ethylene produced by the petroleum cracking industry contains a small amount of acetylene (0.5%-2%). These small amounts of acetylene Poisons Ziegler-Natta catalysts in the polymerization industry, so acetylene levels must be reduced to <5ppm levels before polymerization can occur. Based on the consideration of technical cost and efficiency at the present stage, the method adopted in industry is to convert a small amount of acetylene into ethylene through catalytic hydrogenation reaction. At present, acetylene hydrogenation catalysts are...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, acetylene hydrogenation catalysts are mainly palladium-based catalysts, but due to the high price of noble metal palladium, the cost of acetylene hydrogenation catalysts is relatively high. Researchers are trying to use non-noble metals (such as iron, cobalt, nickel, etc.) The price of a hydrogenation catalyst, but these metal components alone have many problems, such as low activity, poor ethylene selectivity and poor stability caused by carbon deposition, etc.

Although Norskov predicted the excellent performance of nickel-zinc alloy catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene, the experimental results confirmed that the synthesized Ni-Zn alloy with high zinc content 5 Zn 21 The catalyst can only show an ethylene selectivity of about 50% in the hydrogenation reaction of acetylene, which is still far behind the good palladium-based catalysts reported in the literature.

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