Nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum oxide layer cladding type nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and a manufacturing method of the aluminum oxide layer cladding type nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The aluminum oxide layer cladding type nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is characterized in that according to the mass percentage of various chemical components, the mass percentage of aluminum ranges from 65% to 99.5%, the mass percentage of carbon ranges from 0.5% to 15.0%, and the balance is at least one of the magnesium element, the copper element, the silicon element, the zinc element, the ferrum element, the manganese element, the chromium element and the titanium element. Aluminum oxide cladding type nanometer aluminum carbide particles which are formed in an in-situ synthesis modeare distributed on an aluminum or aluminum alloy matrix. The manufacturing method of the aluminum oxide layer cladding type nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material comprises the steps that raw materials are prepared in proportion, and graphite powder and activated carbon are subjected to vacuum drying, and then are mixed and reserved; and commercial purityaluminum and at least one of magnesium, copper, silicon, zinc, ferrum, manganese, chromium and titanium are molten in a smelting furnace, after the temperature is stabilized, the mixed powder of thegraphite powder and the activated carbon are uniformly blown to the molten body in the argon atmosphere by a rotary blowing device, then the temperature is rapidly reduced until solidification is achieved, the materials are transferred to a resistance furnace to conduct a liquid-solid reaction, and therefore the nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is obtained. The manufacturing method is low in cost, is green and environmentally friendly, and has the good industrial production prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, in particular to an alumina-coated nano-aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Aluminum matrix composites have been widely researched and applied due to their high specific strength, specific stiffness, high wear resistance and heat resistance. Particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites can be industrialized and mass-produced due to their simple preparation process and low cost. It mainly includes two preparation methods: external addition and in-situ synthesis. Among them, the in-situ synthesis method was first proposed by the former Soviet scholar A.G.Merzhaov. The composite material prepared by this method has a clean and stable interface between the particles and the matrix, and has a high bonding strength, so the application prospect is more promising. broad. [0003] Aluminum carbide has a clo...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN1796589A discloses a high-temperature-resistant aluminum-based composite material reinforced by double-sized ceramic particles. The aluminum carbide and silicon carbide composite reinforcement is prepared by using aluminum powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder ball milling and sintering. The aluminum matrix composite material, wherein the aluminum carbide is needle-shaped, the mass percentage is 3.7-14.8, the length is 0.1-0.4 μm, and the diameter is 0.01-0.05 μm; the Chinese patent with publication number CN104120310A discloses an aluminum matrix composite material and Its preparation method adopts the method of multi-step ball milling of aluminum powder, graphite powder and silicon carbide powder, and pressure sintering to prepare Al 3 An aluminum matrix composite material reinforced by BC and aluminum carbide, wherein the aluminum carbide is B-doped, the mass percentage is 0.5-10.0, and the size is 200-500nm; the Chinese patent with publication number CN107142398A discloses an Al 4 C 3 Modified Al-based composite material and its preparation method, using external aluminum carbide to enhance the interface bonding strength between graphene and aluminum matrix; literature (Journal of Central South University (Natural Science Edition), 1985,1:006.) reported that carbon-containing substances Aluminum carbide dispersion reinforced aluminum materials were prepared by ball milling with aluminum powder and briquette sintering, and the advantages and disadvantages of chemical carbon addition and physical carbon addition were compared. Size and shape characterization, but the test characterization proves that the material is essentially an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by aluminum oxide and aluminum carbide; the Chinese patent with the publication number CN106460132A discloses an aluminum-based composite material and its manufacturing method, and obtains a composite material with Aluminum materials with higher strength and maintaining electrical conductivity, but the reinforcing phase is rod-shaped or needle-shaped aluminum carbide, and this method cannot effectively control the degree of reaction between carbon materials (carbon nanotubes / horns / fibers) and the aluminum parent phase, so it has not Can accurately control the mass fraction of aluminum carbide

[0005] In addition, aluminum carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite materials can also be used for other purposes. For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN104726737A discloses a degradable aluminum-based material, which is a prefabricated body obtained by ball milling and briquetting aluminum powder and amorphous graphite powder. , and then press the preform into the aluminum melt to react to obtain a degradable aluminum-based material, in which the aluminum carbide is in the shape of a strip with a length of hundreds of microns, and the mechanical properties of the material are poor