Elastic polyurethane fiber with excellent antibacterial property and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an elastic polyurethane fiber with excellent antibacterial property and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, a branched quaternary ammonium salt with a special structure is prepared into a functional composite material embedded with antibacterial particles or other functional auxiliaries, the functional composite material is uniformly dispersed into a polyurethane stock solution by a chemical physical method, and the elastic polyurethane fiber with excellent antibacterial property is prepared by dry-spinning the spinning stock solution. The elastic polyurethane fiber has the following advantages that the branched quaternary ammonium salt with the special structure is added into the polyurethane stock solution, so that the problem of poor compatibility between the inorganic antibacterial particles and the stock solution is solved; the excellent antibacterial polyurethane fiber has double bactericidal effects of contact and slow releasing; the prepared polyurethane fiber containing the antibacterial particles has lasting antibacterial capability; the branched quaternary ammonium salt can also embed functional guest molecules such as dyes, thereby increasing the multifunctionality of the polyurethane fiber.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of preparation and application of branched quaternary ammonium salts and antibacterial composite materials thereof, in particular to the application of branched quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial composite materials in polyurethane elastic fibers. The polyurethane elastic fiber prepared by the invention has multiple functions such as antistatic, easy to dye, contact antibacterial, release antibacterial and the like. Background technique [0002] The full name of spandex is polyurethane elastic fiber. It is one of the most elastic fibers in synthetic fibers. It has the characteristics of "high elasticity", "high elongation", "low modulus" and "high hydrolysis resistance". Since the 21st century, spandex has gradually replaced traditional rubber silk products and is widely used in the clothing and textile industry. Applications include high-performance structural composites, swimming apparel, stockings, diapers, et...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Nano-inorganic antibacterial agents have the advantages of wide use sources and safe use, and have become the mainstream of antibacterial agents. However, pure nano-inorganic additives often have poor compatibility with matrix materials and the antibacterial efficacy lasts for a long time.

Such as commonly used inorganic additives nano-Ag, nano-ZnO, etc., these antibacterial powders are difficult to achieve good dispersion in spandex fibers, and the formed aggregates have a certain impact on the spinnability of spandex

U.S. Patent US20120115386A1 discloses a method for preparing nanofiber non-woven fabrics. This method loads nano-silver on ceramic-based metal oxides, which cannot solve the problem of nano-silver dispersion and agglomeration. The newly introduced metal oxide zirconium and nano Combined, to a certain extent, it will increase the sedimentation process of the slurry

At present, the commonly used organic antibacterial additives are mainly quaternary ammonium salt products. Typical materials containing quaternary ammonium radical functional groups and cationic polymers play an antibacterial effect by destroying the cell structure of bacteria, but they are resistant to Gram-negative bacteria and specificity. Disadvantages of insensitivity of resistant bacteria

Chinese patent CN103668544B discloses a polyurethane elastic fiber with multi-functionality and its preparation method. In this method, the synthesized glycyrrhetinized chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is prepared into nanoparticles, which solves the dispersibility of the quaternary ammonium salt to a certain extent. and compatibility issues, but it is impossible to completely avoid the partial agglomeration of nanoparticle quaternary ammonium salt composite materials, and the simple use of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial agents cannot meet the wide adaptability of current antibacterial products

[0004] So far, there have been no reports on the combination of nano-inorganic additives and branched quaternary ammonium salts with a special structure proposed in this patent, and polyurethane elastic fibers with excellent antibacterial properties obtained by adding them to polyurethane spinning dope and patents

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