Method for recovering valuable metal from waste lithium ion battery material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering valuable metal from a waste lithium ion battery material, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive recycling and resource recycling of electronic wastes. The method comprises steps of mixing the cathode material of the waste lithium ion battery with low-valence sulfate such as sulfur or sulfide; subjecting the mixture to a sulfuration calcination treatment at a temperature of 300 to 900 degrees centigrade; immersing a calcined product in water to obtain a lithium salt aqueous solution which can be further used for preparing a lithium carbonate product; subjecting to water leaching residues to oxidation acid leaching or direct acid leaching to extract valuable elements such as nickel, cobalt and manganese; and purifying and extracting the leaching solution to obtain the corresponding cobalt salt and nickel salt products. The method of the invention has a simple process and a short process flow. The sulfur dioxide gas generated by calcining the sulfide can be used for preparing sulfuric acid used for subsequent nickel-cobalt leaching, thereby achieving zero pollution discharge and finally achieving a purpose of comprehensively recovering the valuable metal in the lithium ion battery cathode material at high efficiency and low cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive recovery, treatment and resource utilization of electronic waste, and relates to a treatment method for waste lithium batteries, in particular to an extraction method for comprehensive recovery of nickel, cobalt, lithium and other valuable elements from waste lithium ion positive electrode materials. Background technique [0002] In 1990, Sony Corporation abandoned lithium metal and used intercalation compounds instead of lithium metal. The first generation of lithium-ion batteries came out. In 1997, Goodenough et al. developed lithium iron phosphate cathode materials because of their good safety performance and non-toxic and pollution-free properties. advantages, and gradually entered commercialization, but it was gradually restricted by its poor conductivity and low capacity applications; with the high energy density requirements of lithium batteries, ternary cathode materials were first re...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The extraction method system is complex, and it is easy to entrain sodium and other metal element ions

[0006] Chinese patent CN107017443A discloses that the lithium-ion battery adopts carbonaceous reductant reduction roasting, the calcined sand after the reduction roasting is extracted lithium through water immersion, and the lithium slag is reclaimed other valuable metal elements through ammonia leaching again, and the lithium in the calcined sand in this method Lithium carbonate exists in the form of lithium carbonate. Due to the low solubility of lithium carbonate, it will inevitably lead to an increase in liquid-solid ratio and subsequent concentration energy consumption. Moreover, ammonia leaching is used to recover other elements from lithium extraction slag, and the resulting ammonia nitrogen wastewater pollutes the environment, and the treatment cost is high.

[0007] Chinese patent CN106129511A discloses that lithium-ion batteries are reduced and roasted with carbonaceous reducing agents, and the calcined sand after reduction and roasting is leached in water or carbonized water to extract lithium, and the lithium extraction slag is leached with oxidative acid to extract other valuable elements. The reductive agent has strong reducibility, which leads to the existence of metal elements in the lithium extraction slag in the form of simple substances. The subsequent acid leaching will generate a certain amount of hydrogen gas, which poses a great safety hazard. In addition, sulfuric acid is purchased separately, and the cost of reagents increases.

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