A kind of coal-to-natural gas, olefin and coal tar method

Abstract

A coal-to-natural gas, olefin and coal tar method, with appropriate temperature and gas phase medium conditions, the hydrogen element in the raw coal is directly separated from the coal in the form of gaseous hydrocarbons; the carbon element in the coal is separated by the hydrogen element , to directly react into gaseous hydrocarbons; using oxygen-enriched water vapor at high temperature, the carbon element in the residual char remaining after the production of gaseous hydrocarbons is converted into CO and H by water gas reaction 2 , in order to greatly improve its energy conversion efficiency, greatly reduce water resource consumption, and greatly reduce CO 2 Emissions and environmental pollution, and greatly reduce equipment investment, reduce production costs.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, and in particular relates to the technology and equipment for energy conversion of coal to natural gas, olefins and fuel oil. Background technique [0002] The current coal-to-oil and coal-to-natural gas, whether it is a two-step method of synthesizing oil and gas after coal gasification, or a one-step method of direct hydrogenation of coal to produce oil and gas, are all due to complex process routes and low energy conversion efficiency in the process , coal-to-oil is only 40%, consumption of standard coal is 3.6 tons / ton of oil, coal-to-natural gas is only 50%, consumption of standard coal is 2.5 tons / km 3 ; High equipment investment, coal-to-oil 160 billion yuan / 10 million tons, coal-to-natural gas 28 billion yuan / 4 billion m 3 ; Water resource consumption is high, coal-to-oil consumption is 7 tons / ton of oil, and coal-to-natural gas is 7 tons / km 3 ; Heavy environmental pollution, high ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The reasons for the low efficiency of the current one-step method of direct hydrogenation of coal are that the process pressure is as high as 20MPa and the investment in equipment is large; Only by heating can CO be generated again; the third is to use entrained bed coal gasification to produce hydrogen, because in the process of entrained bed gasification, the hydrogen element in coal is in the form of hydrocarbons, which are first pyrolyzed into gaseous hydrocarbons below 700°C, and then combined with the gaseous hydrocarbons. O 2 Gas reacts to produce CO 2 and H 2 O releases heat, making the furnace temperature as high as 1300-1700°C, so a considerable part of the blast furnace temperature of the entrained bed is contributed by the combustion of hydrogen, which leads to a low molar fraction of hydrogen in the gas, and a particularly high composition of CO, while CO must be It can be converted into hydrogen after conversion, that is, this hydrogen production process is essentially to burn off the H in coal first. 2 , and then use the C element in the coal to produce CO, and the CO can be transformed into H 2 , so the current one-step direct hydrogenation of coal to produce C n h 2n+2 There are also many disadvantages mentioned above

[0006] The current coal-to-olefins process consists of pressurized gasification of raw coal with oxygen-enriched steam, scrubbing of oxygen-enriched water gas, separation of coal tar, CO transformation of oxygen-enriched water gas, namely CO / H 2 Proportion adjustment, oxygen-enriched gas acid gas removal, methanol synthesis, methanol separation, methane separation, methanol dehydration to olefins process composition, but also the process is lengthy, and there is huge room for improvement in energy consumption, water consumption, environmental protection, and investment

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