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A composite material negative electrode, battery and preparation method thereof

A composite material and negative electrode technology, which is applied in the field of batteries, can solve the problems of unfavorable electrode rate performance, promotion, and limited electrochemical active sites, so as to improve space utilization, suppress dendrite self-amplification parasitic growth, and promote tendencies The effect of leveling

Active Publication Date: 2020-12-22
SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

However, the deposition of active metals within the fully conductive framework is mainly concentrated on the electrode surface, which easily induces dendrite growth under high-capacity conditions.
The technical effect of bottom-up deposition of active metals can be achieved by using a dielectric framework. However, since the framework itself cannot conduct electrons, the electrochemically active sites in this type of framework electrode are very limited, which is not conducive to the improvement of the electrode rate performance.

Method used

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  • A composite material negative electrode, battery and preparation method thereof
  • A composite material negative electrode, battery and preparation method thereof
  • A composite material negative electrode, battery and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0033] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a composite negative electrode includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Using polymer materials or inorganic oxides as raw materials to prepare non-conductive porous dielectric layers;

[0035] S2. Using carbon materials or metal materials as raw materials to prepare a porous conductive layer;

[0036] S3. Assembling the porous dielectric layer and the porous conductive layer periodically to prepare a three-dimensional framework with alternating conductive / dielectric cycles, preferably by layer-by-layer stacking or layer-by-layer suction filtration or magnetron sputtering performing said cycle assembly;

[0037] S4. Composite the active metal with the three-dimensional framework, and embed the active metal inside the three-dimensional framework to obtain the negative electrode of the composite material.

[0038] The sequence of steps S1 and S2 in the above preparation method is not limite...

Embodiment 1

[0066] Dissolving the PAN powder in the DMF solvent, stirring for 0.5-72 hours, and preparing a polymer liquid with a solid content of 2%-50%. Subsequently, the configured precursor solution was electrospun on the aluminum foil by injection through a syringe; the electrospun PAN was peeled off from the surface of the aluminum foil to obtain the skeleton of the dielectric fiber membrane. By controlling the electrospinning time, a PAN film with a thickness of 2-50 microns is obtained for the dielectric skeleton.

[0067]The PAN obtained by electrospinning was carbonized to obtain the conductive CNF framework material. The carbonization process is as follows: the first step, in the air atmosphere, place the PAN film in a furnace at 100-500 °C for 0.5-5 hours for pre-oxidation, and then cool it to room temperature with the furnace; the second step, in the argon atmosphere The pre-oxidized PAN film is kept at 800-1500° C. for 0.5-5 hours, then cooled to room temperature, and the h...

Embodiment 2

[0079] SiO with a diameter of 1-20 microns 2 The small ball particles are dispersed in the N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution of polyamic acid (PAA), and the solid content of the solution is kept within the range of 2% to 50%; height to prepare PAA films of different thicknesses. Silica spheres are uniformly dispersed in the PAA film. Then, at a heating rate of 1-10°C / min, heat at 60-500°C for 0.5-720 minutes to pretreat and remove the solution, and hold at 60-500°C for 0.5-720 minutes to thermally imidize PAA to obtain a polyimide (PI) film , the thickness of the dielectric PI film is controlled within the range of 2-50 microns.

[0080] The PI film prepared above was soaked in hydrofluoric acid for 12 hours, the hydrofluoric acid reacted with the silica pellets, and etched to obtain a dielectric PI film with internal pores. The thickness of the porous PI film after etching is maintained within the range of 2-50 microns; the pore size and porosity inside the porous PI fi...

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Abstract

A composite material negative electrode, a battery and a preparation method thereof, the composite material negative electrode includes a three-dimensional framework and an active metal, the three-dimensional framework includes a non-conductive porous dielectric layer prepared from a polymer material or an inorganic oxide, and A porous conductive layer made of carbon material or metal material, the porous dielectric layer and the porous conductive layer are assembled periodically to form a three-dimensional framework with alternating conductive / dielectric periods, and the active metal is embedded in the three-dimensional framework forming the composite negative electrode. Due to the regulation of the electron transport path and ion concentration distribution by the periodic conductive framework, the composite material negative electrode can effectively improve the stability of the metal negative electrode in the cycle process, inhibit the growth of dendrites, and improve the safety of the metal negative electrode.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a composite material negative electrode, a battery and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] The excessive exploitation and use of traditional fossil fuels has led to the depletion of resources and the consequences of environmental pollution; and the development of clean energy in the new era has challenges such as storage difficulties, so electrochemical energy storage has become the focus of the new era. At the same time, the development of emerging fields such as electric vehicles, intelligent robots, national grids, and aerospace has also put forward higher requirements for electrochemical power sources. The traditional lithium-ion battery has the advantages of stable cycle and good safety performance, but it cannot meet the future society's demand for high power and large capacity of batteries. [0003] Active metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, zinc, aluminum...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/40H01M4/42H01M4/46H01M4/62H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/052H01M10/058
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/362H01M4/381H01M4/382H01M4/40H01M4/405H01M4/42H01M4/463H01M4/62H01M10/052H01M10/058Y02E60/10Y02P70/50
Inventor 杨诚湛厚超邹培超
Owner SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL TSINGHUA UNIV
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