Platinum alloy catalyst, preparation method thereof and application of platinum alloy catalyst in fuel cell cathode catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a platinum alloy catalyst, a preparation method of the platinum alloy catalyst and an application of the platinum alloy catalyst in a fuel cell cathode catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a mixed solution of a first reducing agent glucose and a precursor of a first metal component platinum; 2) under the condition that the pH value of the mixed solution is 3-10, heating and adding a carbon carrier, and raising the temperature to 80-95 DEG C for reaction; 3) adding a second metal component precursor, and reacting; 4) cooling and separating a reaction product; 5) dissolving the reaction product in water, adding a second reducing agent, heating to 80-95 DEG C, and reacting; 6) cooling and separating a reaction product to obtain a catalyst precursor; and 7) calcining to obtain the platinum alloy catalyst. According to the preparation method, a large amount of organic solvents are not needed, the reaction conditions are mild, non-toxic andmild glucose is used as a main reducing agent in an aqueous solution, and the efficient hydrogen fuel cell catalyst is prepared by introducing a second mild reducing agent for further synergistic dispersion and reduction. Wide application prospects are realized in the field of fuel cell catalysts.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of fuel cell cathode catalysts, and relates to a platinum alloy catalyst, its preparation method and its application in fuel cell cathode catalysts. Background technique [0002] With the increasing use of fossil fuels, the primary problems in today's society are energy crisis and environmental pollution. Fuel cells can convert chemical energy into electrical energy, directly alleviate the energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution. Among them, the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, high power density, low operating temperature and low environmental pollution. It is considered to be an ideal clean energy conversion device and the preferred energy source for green new energy vehicles. [0003] However, the high cost of fuel cells limits its commercialization process, and the high cost of catalysts is one of the important factors hind...

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Problems solved by technology

The reducing agent of the chemical reduction method is mostly NaBH 4 (Vasquez Y., Sra A.K., Schaak R.E.. One-potsynthesis of hollow superparamagnetic CoPt nanospheres [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2005, 127(36): 12504-12505.), hydrazine hydrate (Zhang S., HaoY .Z.,Su D.,et al.Murray Monodisperse Core / Shell Ni / FePt Nanoparticles and Their Conversion to Ni / Pt to Catalyze Oxygen Reduction[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2014,136(45):15921-15924 .), polyols (Santiago, E.I., Varanda, L.C., Villullas, H.M. PtCo carbon-supported Pt-Co catalysts prepared by amodified polyol process as cathodes for PEM Fuel Cells.[J].J.Phys.Chem.C2007,111 :3146-3151.) and other substances with strong reducing ability, among which polyols are relatively mild as reducing agents, but the reaction effect is better under high temperature, and alcohols are volatile, and alcohols have a certain impact on the environment

Moreover, a large amount of organic substances or strong reducing agents are used in the chemical reduction method. On the one hand, it causes serious environmental pollution and violates the original intention of fuel cells as green new energy. On the other hand, the reaction is not easy to control and strong reducing agents are hazardous chemicals. , safety issues are highlighted during the use and storage of reducing agents

For example, Chinese patent (Application No.: 201010268292.9) discloses a preparation method of a fuel cell catalyst, namely using methanol, formaldehyde, sodium borohydride, hydrazine hydrate, etc. Toxic effect, long-term exposure is easy to cause cancer, sodium borohydride, hydrazine hydrate and other reducing agents are strong, explosive and difficult to store, and the patent does not prove the electrocatalytic effect of the catalyst

Chinese patent (application number: 201610912716.8) discloses a preparation method of refluxing glucose and chloroplatinic acid into a reactor to synthesize platinum nanocubes. Not only the preparation process is relatively complicated, but also the catalytic indicators such as electrochemical active area are not good.

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