A method for recovering all components of waste lithium-ion batteries

A lithium-ion battery, full-component technology, which is applied in the field of full-component recovery of waste lithium-ion batteries, can solve the problems of high reagent cost and easy generation of harmful gases, achieves simple process, large industrial application prospects, and reduces metal extraction costs. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2022-04-01
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method does not involve the recycling of components such as separators and electrolytes, and the roasting of the positive electrode sheet in an aerobic environment is likely to generate harmful gases
[0007] Chinese patent CN 111682276A disassembles waste power batteries to obtain electric cores; takes out the separator in the electric cores for use, and then performs anaerobic thermal decomposition on the electric cores in a vacuum environment to obtain electrode powder; extracts the Nickel, cobalt and manganese elements, this method does not involve the treatment of the electrolyte, and the diaphragm and the battery are treated separately. The extraction process also needs to add an oxidant, and the cost of the reagent is relatively high.

Method used

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  • A method for recovering all components of waste lithium-ion batteries
  • A method for recovering all components of waste lithium-ion batteries
  • A method for recovering all components of waste lithium-ion batteries

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0054] (1) Discharge 1 kg of waste nickel-cobalt lithium manganate battery, remove the shell and crush it, and the particle size of the crushed material is less than 10 mm.

[0055] (2) All the materials (positive and negative plates, diaphragm, electrolyte) obtained by crushing the step (1) are placed in N 2 The heat treatment is carried out under the atmosphere. The heat treatment device is a horizontal furnace, N 2 The flow rate is 45mL / min, the heat treatment temperature is 550°C, and the heat treatment time is 1h. There is no external reagent during the heat treatment process. The self-reduction reaction occurs during the heat treatment process, the positive electrode powder is reduced, and the organic matter (diaphragm, binder, electrolyte) turns into a flammable Oil and gas (wherein, the gas chromatography-mass spectrum of oil see Figure 4 ), the copper-aluminum foil current collector did not react. After heat treatment, the material is in N 2 Naturally cooled to r...

Embodiment 2

[0060] (1) Discharge 1 kg of waste lithium manganate battery, remove the shell and crush it, and the particle size of the crushed material is less than 10mm;

[0061] (2) All the materials (positive and negative plates, diaphragm, electrolyte) obtained by crushing the step (1) are placed in N 2 The heat treatment is carried out under the atmosphere. The heat treatment device is a horizontal furnace, N 2 The flow rate is 100mL / min, the heat treatment temperature is 600°C, and the heat treatment time is 2h. There is no external reagent during the heat treatment process. The self-reduction reaction occurs during the heat treatment process, the positive electrode powder is reduced, and the organic matter (diaphragm, binder, electrolyte) turns into a flammable Oil and gas, copper and aluminum foil current collectors did not react. After heat treatment, the material is in N 2 Naturally cooled to room temperature under atmosphere.

[0062] (3) Grinding and sieving the heat-treate...

Embodiment 3

[0066] (1) Discharge 1 kg of waste lithium cobalt oxide battery, remove the shell and crush it, and the particle size of the crushed material is less than 5mm.

[0067] (2) All the materials (positive and negative plates, diaphragm, electrolyte) obtained by crushing the step (1) are placed in N 2 The heat treatment is carried out under the atmosphere. The heat treatment device is a horizontal furnace, N 2 The flow rate is 80mL / min, the heat treatment temperature is 650°C, and the heat treatment time is 0.5h. There is no external reagent in the heat treatment process. The self-reduction reaction occurs during the heat treatment process, the positive electrode powder is reduced, and the organic matter (diaphragm, binder, electrolyte) is transformed into Combustible fuel gas, copper and aluminum foil current collectors did not react. After heat treatment, the material is in N 2 Naturally cooled to room temperature under atmosphere.

[0068] (3) Grinding and sieving the heat-t...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering all components of a waste lithium ion battery. The method comprises the following steps: 1) discharging and treating the waste lithium ion battery, removing the shell and crushing it; 2) putting all the crushed materials in a protective gas Heat treatment under protection to obtain heat-treated solid products and combustible fuel gas; 3) disperse the heat-treated solid products, and sieve to obtain coarse current collectors and fine electrode materials; 4) Extract lithium from the fine electrode materials in water to obtain lithium leachate and lithium extraction slag; 5) acid leaching the lithium extraction slag to obtain metal leachate and graphite. The method of the present invention realizes the recovery of all components of waste lithium-ion batteries, and has the advantages of full quantitative and efficient utilization, environmental friendliness, and simple process. At the same time, due to the self-reduction reaction in the heat treatment process, the acid leaching process of positive electrode powder does not need to add reducing agents. , has significant economic benefits.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of electronic waste treatment and resource utilization, and relates to a method for recovering all components of waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high working voltage, high specific energy, large capacity, fast charging and discharging, good cycle performance, light weight, and small size. They are the representative of modern high-performance batteries. Since their commercialization in the 1990s, they have gradually Instead of other batteries, it is widely used in mobile phones, notebook computers, portable electronic devices, electric bicycles and other fields. In recent years, under the background of the era of green and environmental protection, my country's electric energy storage and new energy automobile industries have developed rapidly, driving the continuous increase in lithium-ion battery production capacity. [0003] According to stati...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54C22B26/12C22B7/00C22B47/00C22B23/00C10G1/00
CPCH01M10/54C22B26/12C22B7/006C22B7/007C22B23/043C22B47/00C10G1/00C10G2300/1003Y02W30/84Y02P10/20
Inventor 李会泉邢鹏陶忍吴玉锋李少鹏
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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