Preparation method of starch-derived maltodextrin for nephropathy

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of starch-derived maltodextrin for nephropathy. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) hydrolyzing starch by adopting the combination of acid hydrolysis and enzyme hydrolysis; (2) adding activated carbon into hydrolysate after hydrolysis, stirring and filtering, and collecting to obtain filtrate; (3) enabling the filtrate to pass through an ultrafiltration membrane, and performing molecular weight screening to obtain ultrafiltrate; and (4) carrying out ion resin adsorption treatment and decarburization on the ultrafiltrate, and carrying out spray drying to obtain solid powder maltodextrin. The invention provides the preparation method of the starch-derived maltodextrin for nephropathy, the production process is stable, the yield is high, the quality is good, the defects of the existing similar target glucan preparation process are overcome, and the industrial production of the maltodextrin is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medicine, and in particular relates to a preparation method of starch-derived maltodextrin for nephropathy. Background technique [0002] Since the clinical application of peritoneal dialysis therapy in the 1970s, it has been found that there are significant defects in products using glucose as an osmotic pressure regulator: (1) glucose has a small molecular weight and is easy to pass through the peritoneal epithelial cell barrier, The dialysis effect cannot be maintained for a long time; (2) The stability of glucose needs to be maintained under acidic conditions, and the lower pH level will stimulate the peritoneal epithelial cells and lead to their apoptosis; (3) Glucose is sterilized Conditions will produce a large amount of glucose degradation products (GDPs), such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, 3-deoxyglucosone, etc., and these degradation products will also cause damage to peritoneal cells; (4) gluc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002]Since the peritoneal dialysis therapy began to be applied clinically in the 1970s, it was soon discovered that there were significant defects in products using glucose as an osmotic pressure regulator:( 1) The molecular weight of glucose is small, it is easy to pass through the peritoneal epithelial cell barrier, and cannot maintain the dialysis effect for a long time; (2) The stability of glucose needs to be maintained under acidic conditions, and the lower pH level will cause peritoneal epithelial cells Stimulation then leads to its apoptosis; (3) Glucose will produce a large number of glucose degradation products (GDPs) under sterile conditions, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, 3-deoxyglucosone, etc., and these degradation products will also lead to peritoneal cells. (4) Glucose forms negative ultrafiltration during dialysis, and entering the human body will cause blood sugar to rise, especially for diabetic nephropathy patients with serious consequences

[0010] The disadvantages of this process are: (1) high production cost: this process does not control the degradation of α-D-1,6-glucosidic bonds in the process, The degree of branching cannot be reduced, so the requirements for the starting material are high. The starch branching content used in the starting material should be low to meet the requirements. Usually, amylose (low branching content) should be used to meet the process. requirements, and according to the current domestic market conditions, the price of amylose is more than ten times that of ordinary cornstarch, which will greatly increase the production cost of the product. Products with qualified molecular weight and distribution can be obtained (such as Figure 4 ), the level of branching will be higher than 10% (such as Figure 5)

(2) The difficulty of process control is high: due to the precise control of the process of enzymatic hydrolysis, a product with qualified molecular weight and branching degree can be obtained (when the branching degree is qualified, the degree of starch hydrolysis is not enough, and the molecular weight is high; when the molecular weight is qualified, because the starch The degree of hydrolysis is deep, and the degree of branching is very easy to be higher than 10%), and when commercial production is carried out, the molecular weight of corn starch will vary between different sources and batches of the same source, and when the hydrolysis process freezes and solidifies , this difference in the molecular weight of the starting material will in turn lead to product failure

From the data, the pure acid hydrolysis process can obtain the required product, but through further analysis, we find that any acid hydrolysis process has the following problems: (1) molecular weight distribution defects: according to the results of repeated tests The results showed that there was no difference between acid hydrolysis in attacking α-D-1,6-glycosidic bonds and α-D-1,4-glycosidic bonds, but the hydrolysis mode of α-D-1,4-glycosidic bonds was more inclined Because of the hydrolysis from the middle segment of a single glucan molecule, rather than randomly hydrolyzing the α-D-1,4-glucosidic bonds in the molecular fragments in disorder, our repeated research results support this conclusion, and the mechanism of action is assumed to be Since starch molecules are glucans linked by α-D-1,4-glucosidic bonds, in the long chain formed by the helical structure, the hydrolysis steric hindrance of the middle segment is the least, so it is also the easiest to be attacked by various acid molecules. fracture

Under this process condition, the molecular weight distribution of the produced product tends to concentrate towards the median value of molecular weight, that is, its dispersion is low, even if it barely meets the molecular weight of the target product and its distribution range, it is also consistent with the molecular weight of the target product in each segment. There are obvious differences in the products of Baxter Medical Company. According to the theory of Chandra D. Mistry et al. that "the direction of penetration depends on the product of the solute reflection coefficient and its molar concentration", this difference in molecular weight distribution will lead to The speed and durability of post-ultrafiltration performance are different from those of the original product, which in turn affects its clinical efficacy

(2) The "retrogradation" phenomenon leads to poor stability: due to the indiscriminate degradation of α-D-1,6-glucosidic bonds and α-D-1,4-glycosidic bonds in the starch by acid hydrolysis, the proportion of polymers is different. The high α-D-1,6-glycosidic bond is significantly reduced. From the test results, it can be seen that when the molecular weight of the acid hydrolyzate is hydrolyzed to the target area, the branching degree level is significantly lower than that of the original research product, which is about 6 %, while the original products are basically around 8%-9%

However, in CN 106755199A, the hydrolysis temperature of pullulanase is relatively low, the degree of starch liquefaction is not high, and it is difficult to give full play to the debranching effect of pullulanase, so it is relatively difficult to obtain a qualified product with a branching degree, and the requirements for process control are extremely high. high

However, this process requires the use of α-amylase to hydrolyze corn starch to the range of molecular weight that is basically qualified, because α-amylase is non-selective to the attack on α-D-1,4-glucosidic bonds in the entire starch chain, resulting in A large number of small molecular dextran fragments appear, and the yield of the finished product is low, only about 10%, which greatly increases the production cost of the product and increases the burden on dialysis patients (such as Figure 10, Figure 11)

And compared with α-amylase, isoamylase and pullulan amylase are relatively easier to inactivate, need to add supplements many times during the production process, and their price is much higher than α-amylase, these factors lead to The production cost of this process condition is relatively high (such as Figure 12, Figure 13)

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