The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a ring sleeve ligature-taking-out type surgical instrument. The ring sleeve ligature-taking-out type surgical instrument comprises a needle rod, a needle core, a guide line and a ligature, the needle rod comprises a hollow rod body, one end of the rod body is a puncture end used for puncturing the abdominal wall, a threading hole is formed in the rod body, a ligature taking-out ring is arranged at one end of the guide line, the needle core is inserted into the needle rod, when passing through the threading hole, the needle core penetrates into the ligature taking-out ring to fix the guide line and the needle rod, the diameter of the ligature is smaller than the inner diameter of the needle rod, and the ligature can penetrate into the needle rod and penetrate out of the threading hole. The ring sleeve ligature-taking-out type surgical instrument is simple in structure, the needle rod and the needle core are both in hook-free design, it is guaranteed that the abdominal wall is not prone to being scratched in the operation process, and the abdominal wall only needs to be punctured once when the surgical instrument is used; and the ligature is taken out of the abdominal wall in a manner of sleeving the line with the ligature taking-out ring, the original operation manner of hooking a line with a hook is replaced, the operation is more convenient and reliable, and the tissue is prevented from being hooked.