699 results about "Line switching" patented technology

A working router is coupled to a SONET add-drop multiplexor (ADM) through a working line and a protection router is coupled to the ADM through a protection line. The routers are coupled to each other by a separate side-band connection and comprise a virtual router from the perspective of the neighboring router, which communicates with the virtual router over the SONET network using the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). The protection router transmits a heartbeat message to the working router over the side-band connection. If the protection router does not receive a response thereto, it initiates a line switch within the add-drop multiplexor. Once the line switch is complete, the protection router exchanges datagrams with the neighboring router, via the ADM and SONET ring to which the ADM is coupled. The protection router establishes a PPP connection between itself and the neighboring router device coupled to the SONET ring, utilizing the Link Control Protocol (LCP). The protection router includes a predetermined identifier value that identifies the originator of the request, in the LCP Identifier field of LCP request datagrams. The neighboring router includes the Identifier value received in a request datagram in the corresponding response datagram transmitted over the SONET ring to the ADM. Because datagrams received by the ADM from the SONET link are transmitted over both the working and the protect lines, the working router receives the same response as the protection router. Thus, by examining the identifier field, and recognizing the identifier value as that assigned to the protection router, the working router determines that the line switch to the protection router has occurred.

Disclosed herein is a SONET/SDH transmitter provided in a transmission system in which a SONET/SDH network and an IP network are connected with optical LAN-IF. The SONET/SDH transmitter has a redundancy transmission line structure consisting of two transmission lines, a K-packet processing section, and a transmitting section. The K-packet processing section is used for generating a specific byte (SONET K1/K2 byte) of data representing transmission-line switching control information about the transmission lines, packetizing the generated data, and outputting a packet. The transmitting section is used for transmitting the packet to the transmitter provided opposite through the transmission lines. This SONET/SDH transmitter further has a redundancy line switching section. The redundancy line switching section is capable of selecting a transmission line, where a transmission signal with information data is transmitted, according to a status in which a packetized specific byte of data from the transmitter opposite is received.

In a line by line image forming apparatus, line switching information which depends on scan line curve and an overlap data length to be read that overlaps across a plurality of lines before and after a switching position instructed by line switching information are set in a register. If switching to the line above or below is instructed by the line switching information, an address generating unit, when reading image data from an image memory, generates the read address and read data length of the image memory in accordance with the line switching information and the overlap data length, and reads image data corresponding to a current line and the line above or below the current line in accordance with the generated data.

In a communication apparatus corresponding to a voice-band analog communication path and a network communication path, high-speed and high-reliability data communication is achieved by selecting the appropriate communication path without any complicated user operation. The communication apparatus which performs IP communication and analog communication through an ADSL gateway obtains a communication partner IP address from an SIP proxy when a communication partner telephone number corresponds to a VoIP network, and transmits/receives communication data to/from the communication partner on an IP network based on a file transmission/reception protocol such as FTP, HTTP, or the like. The communication apparatus performs analog facsimile communication on a line switching network when the communication partner telephone number does not correspond to the VoIP network, and performs the analog facsimile communication when the communication partner corresponds to the VoIP network but does not have any digital communication means.

The invention provides a side wind resistance landing flight track tracking control method based on side direction guide, which belongs to the flight track tracking control technology of airplanes landed under the side wind condition. The flight track tracking control method based on side direction guide is adopted, and comprises the following steps: calculating the inner ring posture control commands through a side direction guide law by the flight track tracking side direction deviation; generating steering engine control commands by an inner ring posture controller for controlling the airplane posture; and calculating the current side direction deviation by the flight line switching logics according to the current state of the airplane for the side direction guide law calculation. A transverse side direction movement model of the airplane is used for simulating the dynamic and kinematic model of the airplane. When being adopted, the side direction flight track control system based on the ground speed guide has better inhabitation effect on the side wind phenomena such as side direction gust wind, air turbulence, side direction wind shear and the like when the airplane is landed. At the same time, the side direction flight line switching logics can also meet the requirement of approach flight of the airplane under the side wind condition.

Discloses is a cartridge-type detection apparatus which comprises a detection cartridge having a passage for passing a sample liquid containing an target substance, and a processing unit adapted to be loaded with the detection cartridge so as to produce information about the target substance contained in the sample liquid passed through the detection cartridge. The detection cartridge includes an storing section for temporarily storing the target substance, a liquid passage routed through the storing section, and a plurality of ports in liquid communicate with the liquid passage. The detection cartridge is provided with a part or entirety of a detection mechanism on a downstream side relative to the storing section. The processing unit includes a liquid feed pump and a line switching valve mechanism adapted to switchingly provide liquid communication between the liquid feed pump and a selected one of the plurality of ports of the detection cartridge. The valve mechanism is operable to switch between a first passage connection mode for allowing the sample liquid supplied into the detection cartridge to be passed through the storing section and then discharged out of the detection cartridge, and a second passage connection mode for allowing a reagent to be supplied from one of the plurality of ports to the storing section of the detection cartridge by an action of the liquid feed pump, and allowing the reagent passed across the storing section to be discharged out of the detection cartridge from one of the remaining ports.

A switching element for ON/OFF switching includes a pair of electrodes provided on a substrate separately from each other, a phase change film contacting the electrodes and having its resistance varied in accordance with the history of heating, and a heating mechanism for heating the phase change film.

Communication time period measuring frames are simultaneously sent from an OAM adaptive device on a transmission side, to both a working path and a protection path. In an OAM adaptive device on a reception side, reception times of the frames having arrived from both the paths are checked so as to measure a time period difference between both the paths. The time period difference is fed back to a logic distance adjustment function of each PON section to determine required communication time periods of the PON sections respectively included in a working system and a protection system. Communication time periods of the working system and the protection system in a packet communication network are arbitrated in order to decrease a packet loss at line switching in a packet relaying network.

A method for programming a non-volatile memory device includes applying a first program-verify voltage to a first word line to determine whether or not memory cells associated with the first word line have been programmed successfully. A second program-verify voltage is applied to a second word line to determine whether or not memory cells associated with the second word line have been programmed successfully. The second program-verify voltage is different from the first program-verify voltage. The first and second word lines are associated with the same word line switching unit.

The invention relates to a converter tilting electric drive control system, which comprises a plurality of frequency converters and a plurality of tilting electric motors which are respectively controlled by the inverters, wherein, a frequency converter is defined as a logic master frequency converter by a Master PLC, and others are defined as logic slave frequency converters by the Master PLC. All frequency converters are provided with CBP2 communication boards and communication that comprises given speed, control word and status words with the PLC through the Profibus-DP network is achieved;through analog channels that CUVC board comes with, a ring connection is formed among all frequency converters, to transmit torque components. The invention has the advantages of being simple and reliable, convenient on-line switching, high-precision control, fast dynamic response, and effectively solving the defects of poor balance, dynamic response slow and mechanical damage greater caused by that a speed controls three torque controls traditionally, or a control method that finds the balance torque by using the flexible machinery traditionally.

A water feeding device for an endoscope, comprises: a first water feeding pipe line connected to an in-endoscope water feeding pipe line that feeds liquid into an object under observation; a second water feeding pipe line that is introduced into the object under observation through a treatment instrument insertion channel of the endoscope and supplies liquid; a water feeding pump portion that supplies liquid stored in a storage portion by a pump; and a pipe line switching section that selectively supplies the liquid stocked in the storage portion to the first and second water feeding pipe lines.

The invention provides a light-emitting diode (LED) display system capable of eliminating the residual shadow of an LED display screen, and a line scanning circuit of the system. The line scanning circuit comprises a plurality of line switching tubes, a plurality of pre-discharge switches and line scanning control logic, wherein the first connecting end of each line switching tube is connected to supply voltage, and the second connecting end of each line switching tube is connected to a corresponding line; the first connecting end of each pre-discharge switch is connected to pre-discharge reference voltage, and the second connecting end of each pre-discharge switch is connected to the corresponding line; the line switching tube and the pre-discharge switch which are connected to the same line correspond to each other; the line scanning control logic is used for providing a plurality of line driving signals for the control ends of all the line switching tubes so as to control on or off of all the line switching tubes, and is used for providing a plurality of pre-discharge control signals for the control ends of all the pre-discharge switches so as to control on or off of all the pre-discharge switches. Pre-discharge is carried out on the lines in an LED array, so that the residual shadow of the LED display screen can be effectively eliminated.

Setting means (such as fuse circuits) for adjusting the timings of various signals such as an activation timing of a sense amplifier, a fall timing of a word line, a recovery operation (equalization) of a bit lines and so forth, checking an operation in a test stage of a chip, and permanently programming (fixing) the timing of an internal signal to the condition of the highest operation speed that can be confirmed as acquirable in this check stage, is provided.

A mobile station 10 includes: an SMS information acquisition unit 21 configured to acquire an SMS (registration request) through line switching NW 300, the SMS including group call identification information that identifies a group call; a memory 19 configured to store the group call identification information included in the SMS (registration request) as a received call history; and a halfway participation processor 25b configured to accept calling operation for the group call associated with the group call identification information stored as the received call history, to acquire from the storage unit the group call identification information associated with the group call for which the calling operation has been accepted, and to generate an INVITE (halfway participation) including the acquired group call identification information.

Protection techniques within optical communication networks are extremely important. An alternative to a line protection scheme, as most current optical communication networks use, is to utilize a path protection technique in which working and protection paths that are desired are assigned during network setup. During normal operations, only the working path is configured within the network elements' switch fabric with protection paths being left unconfigured. If a failure indication is detected in the working path by a network element, a protection entry within a routing table of the network element is looked up to determine protection switching data that is required to switch the data traffic to the pre-assigned protection path. This protection switching data is inserted within the path overhead for the data traffic so that it can be communicated to all of the network elements that require their switch fabrics reconfigured to establish the protection path of communications. This protection technique allows for similar switching speed to that of line switching protection such as BLSR designs, but with an increase in efficiency in terms of protection bandwidth.

In order to turn on the main power unit, when it is off, of a computer in a turned-off state from a keyboard, power is supplied from an auxiliary power unit to a USB controller on the keyboard unit side and a power supply startup unit on the computer side, and on the other hand when power supply to a line switching unit is cut off, switching sections are switched over to connect signal lines of the USB controller and input terminals of a differential amplifying unit, respectively. When a specific signal is supplied from the keyboard unit, a power supply startup signal (power ON signal) is supplied from the power supply startup unit to the main power unit to enable the main power unit to be started up.