This invention discloses a method for preparing a
collagen scaffold based on dynamic
temperature control, and the
collagen scaffold itself, relating to the field of biomedical materials technology. The method includes: preparing a collagen
slurry; injecting the collagen
slurry into a mold with insulated sidewalls and a heat-conducting bottom; implementing dynamic temperature-controlled directional freezing through pre-cooling and isothermal
nucleation, cold source pre-cooling, linear continuous cooling freezing, and low-temperature shaping; followed by freeze-
drying and post-
processing to obtain the
collagen scaffold. This invention avoids random, explosive
nucleation by forming uniform, fine ice
crystal nuclei near the
freezing point through pre-cooling and isothermal
nucleation; cold source pre-cooling and isothermal stabilization avoids unsteady temperature fields caused by cold source temperature fluctuations; and linear continuous cooling precisely controls the unidirectional growth rate of
ice crystals, synergistically achieving a high degree of orientation of collagen fibers and a uniform distribution of axial pore size in the
scaffold. The resulting collagen
scaffold possesses high orientation, small pore size fluctuations, and excellent mechanical properties and
biocompatibility, and can be widely used in the repair of oriented tissues such as tendons, ligaments, and nerves.