The invention provides a polarization code soft input soft output decoding method, a decoding device and communication equipment. The decoding method comprises the following steps: (S1) aiming at all special nodes forming a polarization code, fast serial cancellation
list decoding under dynamic frozen bit constraint is executed, and the types of the special nodes comprise rate zero, rate one, repetition and
single parity check; (S2) after each special node is decoded, calculating the approximation of the
posterior probability sum of legal code words which are not accessed under the node; and (S3) utilizing the approximate
estimation codebook probability obtained in the step (S2) and calculating bit-level
soft information of the output polarization code. Compared with an SO-SCL decoding
algorithm, the low-
delay soft input and soft output decoding method for the polarization codes, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the
degree of parallelism is improved and the decoding
delay is remarkably reduced on the premise that the soft output precision is not lost by realizing rapid soft output decoding based on the Rate0, the Rate1, the REP and the SPC nodes.