529 results about "Code word" patented technology

A bank of a memory device is divided into column planes. Each column plane is associated with column selects. A portion of a column plane associated with one column select used to store metadata associated with data of the remaining column selects. Both the metadata and the data are provided to an error correction code circuit as a combined code word that provides error correction for both the data and the metadata.

The invention provides a decoder, a decoding method, a memory system, an operation method of the memory system and a controller. The decoder comprises a first processing circuit, a second processing circuit, a processor and a bit flipping circuit, the first processing circuit is configured to obtain a check formula and a check formula weight based on a to-be-decoded code word and a check matrix in a current iteration; the second processing circuit is configured to obtain the energy of the to-be-decoded codeword in the current iteration based on the check matrix, the check formula and the overturning state of the to-be-decoded codeword in the current iteration; the processor is configured to: determine a flipping threshold in a current iteration based on a change state of the checkout weight; and the bit flipping circuit is configured to output the to-be-decoded code word in the next round of iteration based on a comparison result of the energy of the to-be-decoded code word in the current iteration and the flipping threshold value in the current iteration determined by the processor.

The application provides a polar code soft input soft output decoding method, a decoding device and a communication device; the decoding method comprises the following steps: (S1) performing fast serial cancellation list decoding under dynamic frozen bit constraint for all special nodes constituting a polar code; the types of the special nodes comprise rate zero, rate one, repetition and single parity check; (S2) calculating the approximation of the sum of the posterior probabilities of the legal code words not accessed under each special node after decoding; (S3) using the approximation of the code book probability obtained in the step (S2) to calculate the bit level soft information of the output polar code. The low-latency polar code soft input soft output decoding method provided by the application improves the parallelism by realizing fast soft output decoding based on the Rate0, Rate1, REP and SPC nodes, and significantly reduces the decoding latency without losing the soft output precision compared with the SO-SCL decoding algorithm.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a memory device is provided. The memory device may include a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells. A preset number of the memory cells may form a code word. The memory device may include a peripheral circuit coupled with the memory cell array. The peripheral circuit may be configured to obtain M first results corresponding to at least one code word at M target read voltages. The peripheral circuit may be configured to obtain a predicted valley voltage according to the M first results and the M target read voltages in conjunction with a preset function model. The peripheral circuit may be configured to determine a target valley voltage based on the predicted valley voltage. The target valley voltage may be configured as a read voltage for a read operation on the at least one code word.

This application provides example concatenated code encoding and decoding methods. In one example method, polar code encoding is performed on a to-be-encoded message bit sequence based on a frozen bit set and a message bit set that are of a first polar code, to obtain a first encoded code word whose length is N_o. The first encoded code word is interleaved to obtain a second encoded code word, and optimized low-density parity-check (LDPC) code encoding is performed on the second encoded code word to obtain a concatenated code word. Interleaving includes both outer interleaving and inner interleaving. The concatenated code word is then outputted.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor integrated circuits, and discloses a bandwidth mismatch calibration system and method of a time-interleaved architecture ADC (Analog to Digital Converter). The system comprises N sub-ADCs, N bandwidth adjustment units and a controller. Firstly, a unified calibration signal is input into all sub-ADCs, and each sub-ADC samples the transition edge of the signal. The controller detects and determines a transition point error of each sub-ADC at the transition edge based on the sampling output of each sub-ADC. The controller calculates bandwidth adjustment code words for the corresponding sub-ADCs based on the difference between the error and a preset target value. The code word is used for driving the bandwidth adjusting unit to adjust the bandwidth of the corresponding sub-ADC, so that the bandwidths of all the sub-ADCs tend to be consistent through closed-loop feedback, and automatic and accurate calibration of bandwidth mismatch is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional gesture recognition, and discloses a three-dimensional hand key point recovery method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a hand image and three-dimensional hand key point coordinates; inputting the three-dimensional hand key point coordinates into a hand posture encoder, and extracting potential structure feature vectors; searching a nearest neighbor code word of the potential structure feature vector in the structured codebook, and constructing a pseudo-quantization feature through rotation alignment; performing image coding on the hand image, and extracting image guide features; performing conditional diffusion modeling on the noise-added attitude code word index, and gradually predicting and restoring discrete representation of an original attitude under the assistance of image guide features to obtain a restored attitude code word index; and performing table look-up mapping and decoding on the recovered attitude code word index to obtain a three-dimensional hand key point coordinate prediction result. According to the method, the precision and robustness of three-dimensional hand key point estimation in a complex shielding scene are remarkably improved, and the method is particularly suitable for the application fields of man-machine interaction, virtual reality and the like.

The invention relates to an automatic depression risk assessment method based on a natural language processing technology. The method comprises the following steps: performing selective conversation content interviews with a subject by using a voice conversation function of artificial intelligence; dialogue recording and text data between the patient and artificial intelligence are obtained; performing automatic transcription and speaker separation on the original speech transcription text data, and constructing a structured question and answer dialogue sequence; generating a structured question prompt related to the depressive symptom by using a large language model, and splicing the structured question prompt with the original dialogue content; designing an artificial neural network pre-training language model coding word vector, fusing position coding, a self-attention mechanism, a problem-guided attention mechanism and a bidirectional long short-term memory network, and extracting deep semantic features related to depression risks; finally, continuous depression risk scores are output, correlation verification is carried out on the continuous depression risk scores and standard PHQ-8 scores, and the accuracy, robustness and interpretability of depression risk assessment are effectively improved.

The invention provides a differential signal generator and a calibration method thereof, and the differential signal generator comprises a control processing unit which is used for obtaining a common-mode bias voltage set value and a differential-mode bias voltage set value, determining a common-mode bias voltage code word according to a first mapping relation, determining a differential-mode bias voltage code word according to a second mapping relation, and setting the common-mode bias voltage set value and the differential-mode bias voltage set value; the common-mode bias voltage code word and the differential-mode bias voltage code word are output to the output amplification unit; the waveform generation unit is connected with the output amplification unit and is used for providing a positive-end alternating-current signal and a negative-end alternating-current signal for the output amplification unit under the control of the control processing unit; the output amplification unit is used for obtaining a positive-end bias intermediate voltage and a negative-end bias intermediate voltage according to the common-mode bias voltage code word and the differential-mode bias voltage code word so as to output a positive-end output signal and a negative-end output signal; the differential signal generator solves the problem that an existing differential signal generator cannot adjust common-mode bias output voltage and differential-mode bias output voltage.

The embodiment of the invention provides a flash memory testing method, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring particle type information of a to-be-detected flash memory product; determining at least one flash memory operation mode according to the particle type information; aiming at any flash memory operation mode, performing erasing operation on each flash memory block in the flash memory product to be detected under a preset temperature condition; under the condition that the flash memory blocks are successfully erased, performing read operation on the flash memory pages in the corresponding flash memory blocks to obtain the total number of error correction codes and the total number of code words; and comparing the error correction code average value with a corresponding preset test threshold value so as to carry out grading screening processing on the corresponding flash memory blocks. According to the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the test of the flash memory product can be more refined and more accurate.

The invention discloses a capacitor mismatch error shaping circuit and method suitable for a multi-bit quantization Sigma-Delta ADC, and belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and the capacitor mismatch error shaping circuit comprises a data weight averaging module which is used for adopting a data weight averaging technology for high-bit quantization code words, and correcting the high-bit quantization code words according to the data weight averaging technology; averaging the mismatch error of the capacitor corresponding to the high-order quantization code word to obtain an averaged high-order capacitor; and the mismatch error shaping module is used for taking the averaged high-order capacitance as a reference, adopting a mismatch error shaping technology, keeping low-order feedback of the current low-order quantization code word of the lower polar plate of the capacitive digital-to-analog converter during Sigma-Delta ADC sampling, and realizing subtraction operation between two adjacent low-order quantization code words. According to the invention, the error caused by the mismatch of the CDAC capacitor fed back by the multi-bit quantization Sigma-Delta ADC can be effectively suppressed, the linearity of the system is improved, and the circuit overhead is remarkably reduced.

The invention relates to a robust watermarking method of a diffusion model based on an error correction code, which belongs to the technical field of large model watermarking, and comprises the following steps of: encoding a watermark message by using a Reed-Solomon error correction code to generate a code word containing redundancy check information; carrying out randomization processing on the code word to generate a pseudo-random bit stream; embedding the pseudo-random bit stream into a variable of an initial Gaussian potential space of a diffusion model by adopting a distribution preserving sampling technology; and finally, generating an image with a watermark through a denoising process of the diffusion model. When the watermark is extracted, reverse diffusion processing is carried out on an image which is possibly damaged to recover an approximate value of a potential space variable, a code word which is possibly damaged is extracted from the approximate value, and original watermark information is recovered by utilizing the error correction capability of a Reed-Solomon decoder. On the premise of keeping the generation performance, the robustness of the watermark to compression, noise, cutting and other potential tampering attacks is enhanced.

The invention discloses a dense monitoring Internet of Things remote estimation method based on multi-cell semantic enhancement, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, an edge device observes a reasoning target, encodes an observation value according to a semantic codebook, and transmits the observation value to an edge server; secondly, the edge server carries out vector quantization on the received signal and sends a quantized code word index to a cloud server through a forward link; and finally, the cloud server performs dequantization and joint decoding on the received quantization index to obtain an estimated value of the reasoning target in the multiple cells, and a remote estimation task is completed. In addition, a loss function is constructed based on an information bottleneck theory and a straight-through estimation gradient approximation method, and the system is trained to be optimal by adopting a two-stage training strategy. According to the method, semantic information extraction of the remote estimation task in a multi-cell scene is realized, the performance of the remote estimation task can be improved while code word redundancy is inhibited, and the utilization efficiency of spectrum resources is remarkably improved.

The invention provides a code word set configuration method and device, a storage medium and a computer program product, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for reducing the overhead of code word set configuration signaling. The method comprises the following steps: receiving first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating to determine a second code word set in a first code word set; wherein the first codeword group set comprises a plurality of codeword groups in the codebook, and the second codeword group set comprises at least one codeword group in the plurality of codeword groups; and according to the second code word set, determining a target code word set, the target code word set being used for determining code words which can be used for channel information feedback.

The invention discloses an uplink and downlink combined wireless communication method and system based on channel semantic feature feedback. The method constructs an uplink and downlink closed-loop semantic communication architecture: a terminal side obtains a downlink channel matrix, generates a channel semantic feature vector through a channel semantic feature extraction network, inputs the channel semantic feature vector into a compression coding network to obtain a low-dimensional feedback code word, and sends the low-dimensional feedback code word to a base station side through an uplink limited feedback link; the base station side decodes and restores the low-dimensional feedback code word to obtain a reconstructed channel semantic feature vector, inputs the reconstructed channel semantic feature vector as prior information into a channel sensing sequence coding and modulation network, and generates a complex modulation signal under the condition of meeting the transmission power constraint; and the terminal side is combined with local channel information, and original data is recovered through a channel sensing demodulation network. Through joint optimization of the channel semantic feedback and the transceiver end-to-end transmission process, the channel state information feedback overhead is reduced under the constraint of limited feedback resources, and the transmission reliability and robustness in a complex channel environment are improved.

The invention discloses a foreground and background calibration fused capacitor mismatch calibration method and system, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out foreground digital calibration after a chip is powered on, and comprises the steps: obtaining an error voltage; quantizing the obtained error voltage to generate a corresponding error code word; the weight of foreground calibration is obtained; the method comprises the following steps of: generating a pseudorandom sequence and injecting the pseudorandom sequence into an input signal of an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) when an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) enters normal work; carrying out weighted summation on the digital code word quantized and output by the ADC and eliminating the interference of the pseudo-random sequence from the digital code word; and carrying out correlation calculation on the weighted summation result after the interference of the pseudo-random sequence is eliminated and the pseudo-random sequence to obtain a calibration coefficient, and carrying out iterative calculation on the capacitance weight according to the calibration coefficient. The advantages of foreground calibration and background calibration are fully combined, so that a better calibration effect is achieved.

The invention provides a communication method and device. In the method, an antenna port combination with more than 8 antenna ports is indicated through first indication information, the transmission requirement of more than 8 streams of a single user can be supported, different requirements can be met through different grouping conditions of the antenna port combination, and the transmission requirement of more than 8 streams can be met through the correspondence of the more than 8 antenna ports and at least two code word transmission layers. Therefore, the performance requirement of the code word is met.

The invention provides a decoder, a decoding method, a memory system and a controller. The decoder comprises a first processing circuit, a second processing circuit, a processor and a bit flipping circuit, wherein the first processing circuit is configured to obtain a check formula and a check formula weight based on a to-be-decoded code word and a check matrix in current iteration; the second processing circuit is configured to obtain the energy of the to-be-decoded codeword in the current iteration based on the check formula, the check matrix and the overturning state of the to-be-decoded codeword in the current iteration; the processor is configured to select a preset threshold sequence from a plurality of preset threshold sequences as an initial threshold sequence based on the checkout weight in the initial iteration; distributing one flipping threshold in the initial threshold sequence to a bit flipping circuit; and the bit flipping circuit is configured to output the to-be-decoded code word in the next iteration based on the comparison result of the energy of the to-be-decoded code word in the current iteration and the flipping threshold value allocated by the processor.

The application discloses an inertial data position conversion method and system based on a noise codebook and multiple physical discriminators, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a target position of a target device and first inertial data; performing multi-dimensional data enhancement processing on the first inertial data to obtain second inertial data; constructing a position-adaptive first noise codebook according to the second inertial data; performing extraction operation on the second inertial data through a decoupling generator to obtain motion semantic features and position noise features; obtaining a target noise code word according to the first noise codebook and the position noise features; and obtaining target inertial data of the target position through a gated fusion mechanism according to the target noise code word, the motion semantic features and the position noise features. The application can improve the robustness of inertial data and can be widely applied to the technical field of inertial data processing.

The present application relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a CSI feedback method based on MIMO low-orbit satellite communication, an electronic device and a medium.The CSI feedback method comprises: at the user end: extracting features of a channel matrix as downlink CSI by a BlockCsiNet encoder and compressing the channel matrix into a code word; the BlockCsiNet encoder comprises a first convolutional layer with a convolution kernel of 7*7 and 5*5; in the feature extraction process, the 7*7 and 5*5 convolution kernels of the first convolutional layer present a 11*11 receptive field, so as to extract the encoding features of the downlink CSI from the block sparse characteristics of the channel matrix of the downlink CSI; quantizing the code word into a bit stream; and returning the bit stream to a base station side BlockCsiNet decoder through a feedback link.The present application is beneficial to extracting the features of the block sparse channel matrix of low-orbit satellite communication, and effectively improves the reconstruction performance and reconstruction accuracy of the downlink CSI.

The embodiment of the invention provides a memory device, a memory system, a memory controller and an operation method, and the memory device comprises a memory unit array which comprises a plurality of memory units, and a preset number of memory units form a code word; the peripheral circuit is coupled with the storage unit array and is configured to generate a first boundary voltage and a second boundary voltage according to a first result corresponding to the at least one code word under the target reading voltage; adjusting the target reading voltage for at least one time, and obtaining a corresponding first result under the adjusted target reading voltage after each adjustment; in the adjustment process, the current voltage adjustment direction is changed according to the fact that the target reading voltage after one-time adjustment exceeds the range limited by the first boundary voltage and the second boundary voltage; according to the condition that a first result corresponding to the adjusted target reading voltage meets a preset condition, target valley voltage is determined, and the target valley voltage is used as the reading voltage when the reading operation is executed on the at least one code word.

The present disclosure relates to a digital-to-analog conversion device and method with signal calibration mechanism. A digital-to-analog conversion device with signal calibration mechanism. A first conversion circuit generates a first analog signal to an echo path according to an input digital signal. A second conversion circuit generates a second analog signal to the echo path according to the input digital signal and a pseudo noise digital signal. An echo transmission circuit processes the signals of the echo path to generate an echo signal. First and second calibration circuits generate first and second calibration signals. A calibration parameter operation circuit operates according to a difference between the echo signal and the first and second calibration signals and related path information to generate first and second offset values. The first and second calibration circuits make the first and second response coefficients converge according to the echo signal, and update first and second code word offset tables according to the first and second offset values.

A communication method, a terminal, a network device, a communication system and a storage medium, the method comprising: a terminal determines that the terminal is in a near-field region, and determines a first codeword in a near-field codebook, the near-field codebook being determined according to a candidate first base vector, the candidate first base vector being a base vector used in the near-field region; and the terminal sends first information to network equipment, wherein the first information is used for indicating the first code word. According to the invention, the first code word determined by the terminal can be more matched with the wireless propagation characteristic of the near-field region, so that the transmission performance of the near-field region can be improved.

The application provides a low-density parity-check code decoding method and device based on a graph neural network, which comprises the following steps: step 1, constructing a factor graph comprising variable nodes, check nodes and edge relationships, and mapping log-likelihood ratio information of a received signal to initial embedding of the variable nodes; step 2, generating message features according to node embedding, node degree and iteration step length, and constructing attention weights for each edge to measure the importance of the message; step 3, inputting the message features and the attention weights into a gated recurrent unit to update the residual of the edge weight, and feeding back the updated edge weight to the graph structure; step 4, weighting and aggregating the messages from the adjacent nodes according to the edge weight, calculating the updated embedding of the variable nodes and the check nodes, and performing gated modulation combined with the check result; step 5, repeating steps 2 to 4 until a preset iteration number or a decoding convergence condition is reached, and mapping the final variable node embedding to a decoding result to realize LDPC code word recovery. By introducing the attention mechanism and the gated residual update into the message passing process, the application realizes adaptive modeling of the contribution degree of different edge messages, dynamically remembers the historical state, thereby improving the decoding performance and the convergence speed; meanwhile, the application can effectively reduce the bit error rate and is suitable for high-speed reliable data transmission scenarios in a 5G / 6G wireless communication system.

The invention provides a data transmission method, a chip and electronic equipment, the method is applied to a first chip, the first chip comprises a first data link layer and a first physical layer, and the method comprises the following steps: the first data link layer is connected with the first physical layer in a current clock period; generating a first target protection code word according to the first target data of the current clock period and the first protection code word of the current clock period, wherein the first target protection code word is used as the first protection code word of the next clock period; in response to the fact that the first target data does not belong to the data of the last clock period in the first to-be-sent data, sending the first target data to the second chip through the first physical layer; the method and the device are applied to the technical field of chips, the cross-chip transmission delay of the chip can be reduced, the calculated amount of the protection code word is reduced, and the clock frequency is improved.

The application discloses a physical layer key generation method and system based on Gray-CDF quantization and adaptive LDPC syndrome negotiation. The legal communication parties acquire channel characteristic sequences in reciprocal wireless channels, determine multi-level equal probability quantization thresholds according to empirical cumulative distribution functions of local channel characteristics, and adopt Gray codes to map adjacent quantization intervals into code words with only one different bit, so as to generate original key sequences; subsequently, LDPC syndrome lengths are adaptively determined according to current channel quality or initial bit inconsistency rate estimation values, the syndromes are disclosed through a public channel to complete key error correction, and retry or discard processing is performed on decoding failure frames; after successful negotiation, privacy amplification is performed according to disclosed leakage, and a consistent key is obtained. The application can improve original key generation rate, reduce negotiation disclosure, and improve the reliability of physical layer key generation and the available key rate.

The invention discloses a transferable codebook remapping cross-vehicle type CAN bus intrusion detection method, which belongs to the technical field of intrusion detection, and comprises the following steps: obtaining source vehicle type characteristics from a CAN message of a source vehicle type, learning a codebook, and quantifying the source vehicle type characteristics and the codebook into a source vehicle type symbol sequence and a source vehicle type histogram with a fixed length; inputting into a classifier in a discrete space for training; and collecting a target vehicle model sample from a target vehicle model, establishing a remapping table from a target code word to a source code word in combination with the feature similarity of the target vehicle model and the source vehicle model and a co-occurrence mode when the code word is used, aligning a symbol of a histogram of the target vehicle model to a symbol space of the source vehicle model, and detecting the target vehicle model by using a trained classifier. According to the invention, a lightweight reusable representation and remapping mechanism is provided for cross-vehicle intrusion detection, the accuracy, stability and interpretability of attack recognition are improved, and the application range of a vehicle intrusion detection system under the conditions of multiple vehicle types and small samples is expanded.

The application provides a kind of design method of token codebook based on deep hash, it is related to intelligent communication technical field, including: extracting the high-dimensional semantic embedding vector set of target token list, and constructing similarity matrix;With similarity matrix as guidance, construct triplet data set for training deep hash model;Deep hash model is trained using triplet data set;The target token list is input into the trained deep hash model, to obtain the binary code word corresponding to each token, form the preliminary token codebook;Identify the code word that occurs hash collision in preliminary token codebook, reassign code word for the token corresponding to these code words, obtain the final token codebook.The application can better preserve the semantic association between tokens to improve the fault tolerance and expression coherence of semantic communication system.

Provided are a method, system, and computer program product in whichdata is encoded for a plurality of tracks of a tape of a tape drive, by using an error correction code (ECC) scheme that applies a single code with code word symbols that are at least 10 bits. The code word symbols are interleaved along and across parallel tracks of the tape in the tape drive.