661 results about "Code word" patented technology

A bank of a memory device is divided into column planes. Each column plane is associated with column selects. A portion of a column plane associated with one column select used to store metadata associated with data of the remaining column selects. Both the metadata and the data are provided to an error correction code circuit as a combined code word that provides error correction for both the data and the metadata.

The invention discloses an LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) coding and decoding system and method for high-density tape storage, and the system comprises a main controller which is used for scheduling coding and decoding mode switching and module cooperative control; the storage and calculation integrated array is used for executing zero-carrying storage calculation; the ping-pong buffer framework is composed of an input buffer module Buffer A and an output buffer module Buffer B; the dynamic code length extension module is used for reconstructing a cascade link; the preprocessing module is used for converting the noisy code word into a log likelihood ratio (LLR) value; the hard decision module is used for converting the VN message into user data; the main controller is connected with all the modules through a control bus, and the dynamic code length extension module controls the power state and interconnection topology of the sub-arrays. According to the LDPC coding and decoding system and method based on the storage and calculation integrated array, zero-carrying calculation is achieved, iterative decoding is accelerated through a ping-pong buffer architecture, and the code length is flexibly configured through the dynamic code length extension module, the coding and decoding efficiency of high-density tape storage is improved, delay and energy consumption are reduced, meanwhile, multi-code-length self-adaption is supported, and high performance and flexibility are considered.

The invention discloses a 4HPU-based natural language character and numerical value general solution system and method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of realizing unification, universality and reasonability of natural language character and numerical value codes. A main coding path for realizing coding generation and structure nesting is arranged; the method comprises the following steps of: constructing a basic coding unit, judging the types and codes of numerical values, letters, Chinese characters or symbols; compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that natural numbers, letters, Chinese characters and symbols are subjected to structured coding in a right-to-left nesting mode, complete coded word strings are obtained, structural expression and path reasoning are clear, dynamic expansion and compression can be achieved, and the coding efficiency is improved. And a more excellent basic coding method is provided for application scenes of data recovery and reverse recognition, natural language processing, intelligent communication and low-power-consumption equipment.

A method for determining a relationship between a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS) port and a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port includes: in case a target layer mapping scheme corresponding to n code words (CWs) is used, determining an association relationship between an uplink PTRS port and an uplink DMRS port on the basis of downlink control information (DCI), in which, a maximum number of uplink DMRS ports being 8, a value of n being 1 or 2, and the target layer mapping scheme being a layer mapping scheme of type 1 or a layer mapping scheme of type 2.

The invention provides a data processing method, device and system, and relates to the technical field of computers. According to the data processing method, an access logic address of a user in the storage system is converted into a first physical address and a second physical address, an error correction code is read or written according to the first physical address and the second physical address, and the first physical address and the second physical address correspond to different address spaces of different storage particles in a memory. Under the condition that the storage medium fault area has aggregation characteristics and the fault areas of different storage particles are the same or similar, code words of error correction codes are written or read in different address spaces, namely different bit fault rate areas, in different storage particles, so that the code words of the error correction codes are dispersed in the address spaces of the different bit fault rate areas; the maximum error bit number of the code word of the error correction code can be reduced, the error bit number difference of accessing different address spaces is reduced, the waste of error correction code resources is reduced, and the reliability of a memory is improved while the utilization rate of the error correction code resources is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of image communication, and particularly relates to a salt tide real-time monitoring method and system based on satellite remote sensing, and the method comprises the steps: collecting a remote sensing image of a monitoring region in real time; allocating code words for pixel values in each channel of the remote sensing image by using a variable-length coding algorithm; dividing the code word of each pixel value into a plurality of layers according to the loss threshold value of each layer to obtain a sub-code word of each layer of each pixel value; and performing layered coding on each channel of the remote sensing image by using the sub-code words of each layer of each pixel value, and transmitting coding results of different layers to a monitoring terminal in sequence for salt moisture real-time monitoring. Layered compression transmission is performed on the remote sensing image, and the real-time performance of salt tide monitoring is improved.

A method for indicating layer mapping of a code word (CW), performed by a terminal, includes: determining and enabling a target layer mapping scheme, wherein the target layer mapping scheme comprises a Type-1 layer mapping scheme or a Type-2 layer mapping scheme; wherein a maximum value of difference between numbers of layers corresponding to two CWs after layer mapping based on the Type-1 layer mapping scheme is different from a maximum value of difference between numbers of layers corresponding to the two CWs after layer mapping based on the Type-2 layer mapping scheme.

The invention provides a decoder, a decoding method, a memory system, an operation method of the memory system and a controller. The decoder comprises a first processing circuit, a second processing circuit, a processor and a bit flipping circuit, the first processing circuit is configured to obtain a check formula and a check formula weight based on a to-be-decoded code word and a check matrix in a current iteration; the second processing circuit is configured to obtain the energy of the to-be-decoded codeword in the current iteration based on the check matrix, the check formula and the overturning state of the to-be-decoded codeword in the current iteration; the processor is configured to: determine a flipping threshold in a current iteration based on a change state of the checkout weight; and the bit flipping circuit is configured to output the to-be-decoded code word in the next round of iteration based on a comparison result of the energy of the to-be-decoded code word in the current iteration and the flipping threshold value in the current iteration determined by the processor.

Examples of the present application disclose a memory device. The memory device includes: a memory cell array comprising memory cells that store a plurality of memory bits, the plurality of memory bits corresponding to a plurality of orders of read voltages, and a preset number of the memory cells forming a code word; and a peripheral circuit coupled with the memory cell array and configured to: acquire a first result of at least one code word corresponding to a target read voltage of a target order; acquire a predicted valley bottom voltage of the target order according to the first result of the at least one code word corresponding to the target read voltage of the target order and a level in which the target order is located; and determine a target valley bottom voltage of the target order based on the predicted valley bottom voltage of the target order.

The application provides a polar code soft input soft output decoding method, a decoding device and a communication device; the decoding method comprises the following steps: (S1) performing fast serial cancellation list decoding under dynamic frozen bit constraint for all special nodes constituting a polar code; the types of the special nodes comprise rate zero, rate one, repetition and single parity check; (S2) calculating the approximation of the sum of the posterior probabilities of the legal code words not accessed under each special node after decoding; (S3) using the approximation of the code book probability obtained in the step (S2) to calculate the bit level soft information of the output polar code. The low-latency polar code soft input soft output decoding method provided by the application improves the parallelism by realizing fast soft output decoding based on the Rate0, Rate1, REP and SPC nodes, and significantly reduces the decoding latency without losing the soft output precision compared with the SO-SCL decoding algorithm.

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional assembly line batch encryption method for a cloud control system, which comprises the following steps of: performing chaos encryption on pipeline row and column shuffling on large code words and subcarrier mapping, and encrypting control data generated by a cloud server side by using encryption keys marked as X, Y and Z, the encrypted control data is transmitted to the client through a set number of subcarriers, and the client decrypts the encrypted control data to control the controlled object, so that the security and low bit error rate of the data transmission process in the cloud control system are effectively ensured.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a memory device is provided. The memory device may include a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells. A preset number of the memory cells may form a code word. The memory device may include a peripheral circuit coupled with the memory cell array. The peripheral circuit may be configured to obtain M first results corresponding to at least one code word at M target read voltages. The peripheral circuit may be configured to obtain a predicted valley voltage according to the M first results and the M target read voltages in conjunction with a preset function model. The peripheral circuit may be configured to determine a target valley voltage based on the predicted valley voltage. The target valley voltage may be configured as a read voltage for a read operation on the at least one code word.

Systems, devices, and methods for encoding information bits for storage, including obtaining information bits; encoding the information bits using an inner code to obtain a plurality of inner code words; encoding the plurality of inner code words using an outer code to generate an outer code word; and storing the outer code word in a storage device, wherein at least one of the inner code and the outer code includes a generalized concatenated code (GCC), and wherein the outer code word includes a hierarchical-GCC (H-GCC) code word.

Examples of the present disclosure provide a memory device, memory system, memory controller and operating method thereof. The memory device includes a memory cell with multiple storage bits, a preset number of the memory cells form one code word, and the multiple storage bits correspond to multiple pages respectively. The multiple stages include a first stage and a second stage. The peripheral circuit of the memory device is configured to: obtain a predicted valley voltage in the first stage in accordance with the corresponding first result at the target read voltage in the first stage; obtain the predicted valley voltage in the second stage in accordance with the predicted valley voltage in the first stage; and perform a first read operation on at least one code word with the predicted valley voltage in the first stage and the predicted valley voltage in the second stage.

This application provides example concatenated code encoding and decoding methods. In one example method, polar code encoding is performed on a to-be-encoded message bit sequence based on a frozen bit set and a message bit set that are of a first polar code, to obtain a first encoded code word whose length is N_o. The first encoded code word is interleaved to obtain a second encoded code word, and optimized low-density parity-check (LDPC) code encoding is performed on the second encoded code word to obtain a concatenated code word. Interleaving includes both outer interleaving and inner interleaving. The concatenated code word is then outputted.

The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor integrated circuits, and discloses a bandwidth mismatch calibration system and method of a time-interleaved architecture ADC (Analog to Digital Converter). The system comprises N sub-ADCs, N bandwidth adjustment units and a controller. Firstly, a unified calibration signal is input into all sub-ADCs, and each sub-ADC samples the transition edge of the signal. The controller detects and determines a transition point error of each sub-ADC at the transition edge based on the sampling output of each sub-ADC. The controller calculates bandwidth adjustment code words for the corresponding sub-ADCs based on the difference between the error and a preset target value. The code word is used for driving the bandwidth adjusting unit to adjust the bandwidth of the corresponding sub-ADC, so that the bandwidths of all the sub-ADCs tend to be consistent through closed-loop feedback, and automatic and accurate calibration of bandwidth mismatch is realized.

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional gesture recognition, and discloses a three-dimensional hand key point recovery method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a hand image and three-dimensional hand key point coordinates; inputting the three-dimensional hand key point coordinates into a hand posture encoder, and extracting potential structure feature vectors; searching a nearest neighbor code word of the potential structure feature vector in the structured codebook, and constructing a pseudo-quantization feature through rotation alignment; performing image coding on the hand image, and extracting image guide features; performing conditional diffusion modeling on the noise-added attitude code word index, and gradually predicting and restoring discrete representation of an original attitude under the assistance of image guide features to obtain a restored attitude code word index; and performing table look-up mapping and decoding on the recovered attitude code word index to obtain a three-dimensional hand key point coordinate prediction result. According to the method, the precision and robustness of three-dimensional hand key point estimation in a complex shielding scene are remarkably improved, and the method is particularly suitable for the application fields of man-machine interaction, virtual reality and the like.

The invention relates to an automatic depression risk assessment method based on a natural language processing technology. The method comprises the following steps: performing selective conversation content interviews with a subject by using a voice conversation function of artificial intelligence; dialogue recording and text data between the patient and artificial intelligence are obtained; performing automatic transcription and speaker separation on the original speech transcription text data, and constructing a structured question and answer dialogue sequence; generating a structured question prompt related to the depressive symptom by using a large language model, and splicing the structured question prompt with the original dialogue content; designing an artificial neural network pre-training language model coding word vector, fusing position coding, a self-attention mechanism, a problem-guided attention mechanism and a bidirectional long short-term memory network, and extracting deep semantic features related to depression risks; finally, continuous depression risk scores are output, correlation verification is carried out on the continuous depression risk scores and standard PHQ-8 scores, and the accuracy, robustness and interpretability of depression risk assessment are effectively improved.

The invention provides a differential signal generator and a calibration method thereof, and the differential signal generator comprises a control processing unit which is used for obtaining a common-mode bias voltage set value and a differential-mode bias voltage set value, determining a common-mode bias voltage code word according to a first mapping relation, determining a differential-mode bias voltage code word according to a second mapping relation, and setting the common-mode bias voltage set value and the differential-mode bias voltage set value; the common-mode bias voltage code word and the differential-mode bias voltage code word are output to the output amplification unit; the waveform generation unit is connected with the output amplification unit and is used for providing a positive-end alternating-current signal and a negative-end alternating-current signal for the output amplification unit under the control of the control processing unit; the output amplification unit is used for obtaining a positive-end bias intermediate voltage and a negative-end bias intermediate voltage according to the common-mode bias voltage code word and the differential-mode bias voltage code word so as to output a positive-end output signal and a negative-end output signal; the differential signal generator solves the problem that an existing differential signal generator cannot adjust common-mode bias output voltage and differential-mode bias output voltage.

The embodiment of the invention provides a flash memory testing method, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring particle type information of a to-be-detected flash memory product; determining at least one flash memory operation mode according to the particle type information; aiming at any flash memory operation mode, performing erasing operation on each flash memory block in the flash memory product to be detected under a preset temperature condition; under the condition that the flash memory blocks are successfully erased, performing read operation on the flash memory pages in the corresponding flash memory blocks to obtain the total number of error correction codes and the total number of code words; and comparing the error correction code average value with a corresponding preset test threshold value so as to carry out grading screening processing on the corresponding flash memory blocks. According to the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the test of the flash memory product can be more refined and more accurate.

Examples of the present disclosure disclose a memory device, a memory system, a memory controller, and a method. The memory device may include a memory cell array with a plurality of memory cells. The memory device may include peripheral circuit coupled with the memory cell array and configured to: perform M first adjustments on a target read voltage of at least one code word with a first step, and acquire M first results corresponding to M read voltages obtained after the M first adjustments respectively; take the minimum first result in the M first results as an inflection point value; perform N second adjustments on the inflection point voltage with a second step, and acquire N first results corresponding to N read voltages obtained after the N second adjustments respectively; and determine a target valley bottom voltage according to the acquired N first results.

The invention relates to the field of storage, and provides a read interference optimization method, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: when a page reading operation on any physical block is detected, accumulating physical block reading times of any physical block; if the number of physical block reading times is smaller than or equal to a first preset read interference threshold value and larger than a second preset read interference threshold value, code words in the multiple storage pages are sampled and scanned, and the code word with the worst performance in any physical block is determined to serve as a target code word; and if the original bit error rate of the target code word is greater than a preset bit error rate threshold, recovering any physical block. According to the method, the single-page reading interference performance can be improved.

The invention discloses a capacitor mismatch error shaping circuit and method suitable for a multi-bit quantization Sigma-Delta ADC, and belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and the capacitor mismatch error shaping circuit comprises a data weight averaging module which is used for adopting a data weight averaging technology for high-bit quantization code words, and correcting the high-bit quantization code words according to the data weight averaging technology; averaging the mismatch error of the capacitor corresponding to the high-order quantization code word to obtain an averaged high-order capacitor; and the mismatch error shaping module is used for taking the averaged high-order capacitance as a reference, adopting a mismatch error shaping technology, keeping low-order feedback of the current low-order quantization code word of the lower polar plate of the capacitive digital-to-analog converter during Sigma-Delta ADC sampling, and realizing subtraction operation between two adjacent low-order quantization code words. According to the invention, the error caused by the mismatch of the CDAC capacitor fed back by the multi-bit quantization Sigma-Delta ADC can be effectively suppressed, the linearity of the system is improved, and the circuit overhead is remarkably reduced.

The invention relates to a robust watermarking method of a diffusion model based on an error correction code, which belongs to the technical field of large model watermarking, and comprises the following steps of: encoding a watermark message by using a Reed-Solomon error correction code to generate a code word containing redundancy check information; carrying out randomization processing on the code word to generate a pseudo-random bit stream; embedding the pseudo-random bit stream into a variable of an initial Gaussian potential space of a diffusion model by adopting a distribution preserving sampling technology; and finally, generating an image with a watermark through a denoising process of the diffusion model. When the watermark is extracted, reverse diffusion processing is carried out on an image which is possibly damaged to recover an approximate value of a potential space variable, a code word which is possibly damaged is extracted from the approximate value, and original watermark information is recovered by utilizing the error correction capability of a Reed-Solomon decoder. On the premise of keeping the generation performance, the robustness of the watermark to compression, noise, cutting and other potential tampering attacks is enhanced.

The invention discloses a dense monitoring Internet of Things remote estimation method based on multi-cell semantic enhancement, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, an edge device observes a reasoning target, encodes an observation value according to a semantic codebook, and transmits the observation value to an edge server; secondly, the edge server carries out vector quantization on the received signal and sends a quantized code word index to a cloud server through a forward link; and finally, the cloud server performs dequantization and joint decoding on the received quantization index to obtain an estimated value of the reasoning target in the multiple cells, and a remote estimation task is completed. In addition, a loss function is constructed based on an information bottleneck theory and a straight-through estimation gradient approximation method, and the system is trained to be optimal by adopting a two-stage training strategy. According to the method, semantic information extraction of the remote estimation task in a multi-cell scene is realized, the performance of the remote estimation task can be improved while code word redundancy is inhibited, and the utilization efficiency of spectrum resources is remarkably improved.

The invention provides a code word set configuration method and device, a storage medium and a computer program product, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for reducing the overhead of code word set configuration signaling. The method comprises the following steps: receiving first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating to determine a second code word set in a first code word set; wherein the first codeword group set comprises a plurality of codeword groups in the codebook, and the second codeword group set comprises at least one codeword group in the plurality of codeword groups; and according to the second code word set, determining a target code word set, the target code word set being used for determining code words which can be used for channel information feedback.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may transmit an indication of a capability of the UE to support orthogonal cover code (OCC) multiplexing. The UE may receive, based on the indication, control signaling indicating a multiplexing order parameter, an OCC code word that the UE is to apply for OCC multiplexing, and a quantity of units included in each cluster in which the UE is to apply OCC multiplexing. The UE may transmit a plurality of OCC encoded sequences over a plurality of clusters, the OCC code word applied to a plurality of sequences to generate the plurality of OCC encoded sequences in accordance with the multiplexing order parameter and the quantity of units.

The invention discloses a modular XL-MIMO near-field beam training method, which belongs to the technical field of XL-MIMO beam training, and comprises the following steps: activating antennas of a head module and a tail module in an array to carry out far-field beam scanning, determining a code word index with the maximum beam gain of the head module and the tail module, estimating the code word index with the maximum beam gain of the whole array, and taking the code word index with the maximum beam gain as a center, the method comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of candidate angles, carrying out non-uniform distance sampling by adopting a polar domain codebook, generating candidate sampling points, distributing each candidate sampling point to a collaborative module for training, determining the energy of each candidate sampling point, further determining an optimal polar domain near-field codeword index, and completing modular XL-MIMO near-field beam training. The method not only can effectively reduce the training overhead, but also can maximize the accuracy of beam gain and angle estimation under the condition of limited resources.

The invention discloses an uplink and downlink combined wireless communication method and system based on channel semantic feature feedback. The method constructs an uplink and downlink closed-loop semantic communication architecture: a terminal side obtains a downlink channel matrix, generates a channel semantic feature vector through a channel semantic feature extraction network, inputs the channel semantic feature vector into a compression coding network to obtain a low-dimensional feedback code word, and sends the low-dimensional feedback code word to a base station side through an uplink limited feedback link; the base station side decodes and restores the low-dimensional feedback code word to obtain a reconstructed channel semantic feature vector, inputs the reconstructed channel semantic feature vector as prior information into a channel sensing sequence coding and modulation network, and generates a complex modulation signal under the condition of meeting the transmission power constraint; and the terminal side is combined with local channel information, and original data is recovered through a channel sensing demodulation network. Through joint optimization of the channel semantic feedback and the transceiver end-to-end transmission process, the channel state information feedback overhead is reduced under the constraint of limited feedback resources, and the transmission reliability and robustness in a complex channel environment are improved.

Methods and systems for performing in situ decoding are described that minimize optical crowding, thereby improving decoding accuracy. The methods may comprise, e.g., receiving images of a biological sample acquired during a cyclical decoding process; detecting a series of detectable signals (ON signals) or absence thereof (OFF signals) at one or more locations in the biological sample corresponding to one or more barcoded target analytes; determining a code word based on the series of ON and OFF signals that corresponds to a barcode for each of the one or more barcoded target analytes, where the one or more code words are assigned to the one or more barcoded target analytes based on a minimax decision rule to minimize a density of ON signals detected in the images of the series of images; and identifying the one or more barcoded target analytes based on the one or more determined code words.