The invention relates to a hadamard transform imaging spectrometer based on a bridge type grating light modulator, and the spectrometer provided by the invention can be applied to a linear array detector or single point detector. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer comprises a receiving optical system, a chromatic dispersion element, an imaging mirror, a bridge type grating light modulator array, a focusing mirror and a detector, wherein the radiation information of a target is imaged on the chromatic dispersion element in lines by the receiving optical system according to different time sequences; after being split by the chromatic dispersion element, the radiation information is imaged on the programmable bridge type grating light modulator array by the imaging mirror; the bridge type grating light modulator array is programmed and driven according to a hadamard coding template, thereby allowing lights with different wavelengths to pass through in a manner of specific combination; the lights are focused on the detector by the focusing mirror; and finally, the space dimensional information and spectrum dimensional information of the target are acquired by performing the hadamard inverse transformation. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low cost, high speed and high signal to noise ratio. The hadamard transform imaging spectrometer can be widely applied to the fields of aerial remote sensing, industry, agriculture, biomedicine, matter analysis and classification, universal and astronomic surveillance, environment and disaster monitoring, atmospheric detection, searching and tracking for military targets, and the like.