The invention discloses a polarization code decoding method based on a bit flipping serial elimination list algorithm, and solves the problem that an existing SCL (Successive Cancellation List) algorithm has higher time complexity. The method comprises the following steps: step (1), receiving a sequence to be decoded by a communication terminal; step (2), performing SC (Successive Cancellation) decoding on the received sequence to be decoded; step (3), judging whether an SC decoded sequence passes CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check); step (4), initializing the list width and the number of bit flipping; step (5), selecting a judgment error position set; step (6), selecting one element from the judgment error position set; step (7), decoding by using the bit flipping serial elimination list algorithm; step (8), judging whether elements in the judgment error position set are all selected or not; step (9), the decoding is successful; and step (10), the decoding fails. According to the polarization code decoding method based on the bit flipping serial elimination list algorithm provided by the invention, the SC decoding is carried out firstly, and when the decoding fails, bit flipping and list decoding are combined for re-decoding, thus the decoding performance is improved, and the time complexity of a decoding algorithm is reduced.