Method for preparing particle-enhanced metal matrix composite

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a metal matrix composite, in particular to a method for preparing a particle-enhanced metal matrix composite by laminating technology. In the method, a metal matrix in the metastable state such as a fine-grained, even amorphous state and the like obtained by combining quick cooling technology and the enhancement of ceramic particles is combined with the ceramic particles to achieve higher material performance; molten metal is blown onto surfaces of the ceramic particles under the protection of inert gases, and the ceramic particles are combined with the matrix firmly by rolling compaction; the molten metal blown later is compounded with a metal layer blown earlier, so that the combination of the ceramic particles and the metal matrix during the rolling compaction is improved further; and the processes are performed repeatedly until the particle-enhanced metal matrix composite with specified thickness is obtained. The method is easy and convenient to operate, and the large-scale industrial production is easy to realize; and due to high cooling rate, the matrix metal has high performance, and an interface reaction between the particles and the metal matrix is relieved simultaneously.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a metal-matrix composite material, in particular to a method for preparing a particle-reinforced metal-matrix composite material by lamination technology. Background technique [0002] Metal matrix composites are favored due to their excellent mechanical properties and physical and chemical properties. Particle-reinforced metal matrix composites not only have the characteristics of good metal plasticity and toughness, but also have the advantages of high hardness and rigidity of ceramic particles, thus showing a single The incomparable excellent performance of the metal matrix or ceramic particles has become a research hotspot at home and abroad. Since the 1980s, due to the low cost, high strength, high modulus and high wear resistance of particle-reinforced metal matrix composites , Easy to manufacture and other advantages, has been developed rapidly. [0003] The preparation techniques of particle-rein...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The semi-solid stirring casting method controls the temperature of the molten metal between the liquidus line and the solidus line and keeps stirring, then adds granular reinforcements in a certain proportion to the molten metal containing a certain component of solid particles, and Rapidly raise the temperature above the liquidus line and pour directly to obtain the required composite material. The advantages of this process are: good wettability between the reinforcement phase and the matrix, and uniform distribution of reinforcement phase particles. However, because the metal liquid is in a semi-solid state, the viscosity is relatively high , the gas and inclusions in the slurry are not easy to discharge. In addition, in the process of industrialization, it is also very difficult to accurately control and maintain the temperature of the molten metal at a semi-solid temperature; jet dispersion method: use an inert gas such as argon as a carrier to disperse the particles in Liquid metal, this method can not only manufacture non-ferrous metal-based composite materials, but also can be used for high melting point substrates such as steel, but this method has the problem of pores caused by the dissolution of carrier gas; After adding the melt, apply ultrasonic vibration to the melt, and use the ultrasonic cavitation effect to significantly improve the wettability of the reinforcement and the metal, so that the particles smaller than 10 μm are evenly dispersed in the molten metal, and fine particles with good performance can be obtained Reinforced metal matrix composites; intermediate alloy method, mix the particle reinforcement and matrix alloy powder in a certain proportion, press into an intermediate alloy block, directly add the matrix alloy liquid, and when the metal powder is melted, the reinforcement enters the melt, after stirring, Composite material made by pouring and solidification

[0004]The powder metallurgy method is to mix the reinforced particles and metal powder fully and then cold press them into shape, heat them in vacuum to the solid-liquid two-phase region and hot press them. The billet is hot-extruded or cold-rolled into parts. Compared with the casting method, its advantage is that the composite temperature is low, which reduces the interface reaction between the matrix and the reinforced phase. Therefore, the performance of the composite material is generally better than the casting method, and the reinforcement phase The volume fraction can be adjusted arbitrarily (particle content can reach more than 50%), the composition ratio is accurate, the reinforcement phase is evenly distributed, and final molding or near-final molding can be realized, saving materials; the disadvantage of this method is that the equipment and process are complex and the production efficiency Low; the price of metal micropowder is high, the size difference between the reinforcement and the matrix is ​​large, and the distribution is uneven; it is not suitable for the production of large and complex parts

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