Biodiesel preparation method

A biodiesel and microorganism technology, applied in the fields of biofuel, petroleum industry, fuel, etc., can solve the problems of affecting the conversion rate of transesterification, unfavorable transesterification reaction, complicated treatment process, etc., and achieve low acid value and short reaction time. , the effect of low reaction temperature

Active Publication Date: 2014-05-28
CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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Problems solved by technology

There are some unavoidable disadvantages in the preparation of biodiesel by chemical method: (1) the free fatty acid and water in the oil raw material are unfavorable to the transesterification reaction of triacylglycerol, which will affect the conversion rate of transesterification; , such as methanol has poor solubility in oils and fats, and it is easy to form an emulsion, resulting in a complicated product post-treatment process; (3) In order to make the esterification reaction more complete, usually, the amount of low-carbon alcohols, such as methanol, will exceed the theoretical molar ratio Many, the distillation recovery process of excess methanol consumes a lot of energy
When the above methods are implemented, the enzyme must first be immobilized and then esterified, which takes a long time to achieve a high conversion rate; and the amount of enzyme used is large, and the cost of the catalyst is very high
In addition, none of the above methods involve the disposal of residual free fatty acids (FFA)

Method used

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preparation example Construction

[0022] According to the present invention, the preparation method of the biodiesel comprises the following steps:

[0023] (1) in the presence of lipase aqueous solution, raw material oil and fat are reacted with monohydric alcohol, and the condition of reaction comprises that the mol ratio of monohydric alcohol and according to raw material oil and fat hydrolyzate fatty acid is 1-3: 1; In every gram of raw material oil, The enzyme amount of lipase in the lipase aqueous solution is 100-500U, and the specific activity of lipase in the lipase aqueous solution is 200-1000U / ml; the reaction temperature is 20-60 DEG C, and the reaction time is 4-20 Hour;

[0024] (2) Separating the upper oil phase and the aqueous phase containing lipase and glycerol from the product obtained in step (1).

[0025] According to the present invention, in order to avoid the problem that when the immobilized enzyme catalyst is used, the less water content of the system will make the monohydric alcohol ...

Embodiment 1

[0070] This example is used to illustrate the preparation method of the biodiesel provided by the present invention.

[0071] (1) Acidified oil (saponification by-products in the process of edible oil refining, see "Modern Engineering", 2008, 28 Supplement (2), 73-78) for composition and main properties) 282g (according to GB / T5530-2005 specified molecular weight according to oil Acid, regarded as 1 mole), methanol 64g (methanol and acidified oil molar ratio of 2:1) and lipase aqueous solution mixed reaction, wherein, methanol was divided into 3 parts, respectively at the 0th hour, the 3rd hour and the lipase solution. In the 6th hour, it was added to the reaction system. Described lipase aqueous solution is 1,3 position-specific lipase A aqueous solution (derived from dry root enzyme (Rhizopus niveus), commercially available from Amano Enzyme company's product F3G, the specific activity of lipase in the lipase A aqueous solution is 600U / ml) 100ml and an aqueous solution of ...

Embodiment 2

[0075] This example is used to illustrate the preparation method of the biodiesel provided by the present invention.

[0076] Biodiesel was prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the method further included the following steps: 50 g of the upper oil phase prepared in Example 1 (about 5 g of free fatty acids), ionic liquid butyl methyl imidazole sulfonate B Acid ionic liquid (product grade AC 28, production plant: BASF, purity: > 94.5%) 0.4g, methanol 11g (about 14ml, the molar ratio of methanol to the upper oil phase is 2:1) was added with a stirrer, dropping funnel, distillation head and condensation In the reactor of the tube, the other end of the condenser tube is connected to a methanol collector. The reaction was carried out at 0.1MPa and 90°C. During the reaction, the unreacted methanol and the water generated by the reaction were distilled out of the reactor and collected in the methanol collection tank. At the same time, fresh methanol was slowly ...

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Abstract

The present invention provides a biodiesel preparation method, which comprises the following steps that: (1) in the presence of a lipase aqueous solution, raw material fat reacts with a monohydric alcohol, wherein reaction conditions comprise that a molar ratio of the monohydric alcohol to the raw material fat hydrolysate fatty acid is 1-3:1, the amount of the lipase in the lipase aqueous solution is 100-500 U (calculated as per g of the raw material fat), specific activity of the lipase in the lipase aqueous solution is 200-1000 U / ml, a reaction temperature is 20-60 DEG C, and a reaction time is 4-20 h; and (2) an upper layer oil phase and an aqueous phase containing the lipase and glycerol are separated from the product obtained from the step (1). With the preparation method, the biodiesel fuel having a low acid value and a high conversion rate can be obtained, the reaction conditions are mild, energy consumption is low, and the method is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a preparation method of biodiesel. Background technique [0002] The main component triacylglycerol (triglyceride) in vegetable oil or animal oil is esterified or transesterified to generate long-chain fatty acid monoester, which is the main way to produce biodiesel, which accounts for the vast majority of biodiesel. The long-chain fatty acid methyl ester is a new type of renewable energy. This new type of renewable energy has no sulfur and nitrogen, and has high oxygen content. After combustion, the harmful substances in the exhaust gas emitted by the engine can be reduced by more than half compared with traditional petrochemical diesel. Not only has the advantages of protecting the environment, but also the combustion performance is comparable to that of traditional petroleum-based diesel. Therefore, the research and promotion of biodiesel is developing rapidly. [0003] At present, biodiesel is mainly produced by ch...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C12P7/64C11C3/04C11C3/10C10L1/02
CPCY02E50/13Y02E50/10
Inventor 彭朴葸雷
Owner CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP
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