High-flame-retardance composite heat-insulating foam material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polystyrene foam materials, in particular to a high-flame-retardance composite heat-insulating foam material and a preparation method thereof. The high-flame-retardance composite heat-insulating foam material comprises polystyrene foaming particles with the density of 18 to 20 g/L and a flame-retardant composite layer wrapped on the surface of the polystyrene foaming particles, wherein the flame-retardant composite layer consists of a flame-retardant binder of 5 to 50 g/L and an inorganic flame retardant of 5 to 75 g/L. Compared with the prior art, the invention optimizes the formula of the flame retardant and adopts environment-friendly, non-toxic and low-price organic and inorganic flame retardants. The prepared composite heat-insulating material has low production cost. After the product is combusted, the product has the advantages of alveolate skeleton structure, no melted drop, low smoke output quantity, no combustion dripping substance and no particle, so the flame-retardant performance and the flame-retardant grade of the product are obviously improved and the product has wide development prospect in the heat insulation field of buildings such as roofs and walls.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polystyrene foam materials, in particular to a high flame-retardant composite thermal insulation foam material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In the field of wall thermal insulation, expandable polystyrene is currently the most widely used thermal insulation material. Disadvantages such as shape-setting viscous liquid have affected the application in the field of wall thermal insulation. At the same time, due to the low combustion level of expandable polystyrene, it has greatly limited its application and promotion in the field of wall thermal insulation. In the prior art, adding a halogen-containing flame retardant (for example: hexabromocyclododecane) to expandable polystyrene achieves a flame-retardant effect, but when the halogen-containing flame retardant burns, a large amount of smoke, dripping There are many things, but still do not meet the environmental protectio...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The Chinese Invention Patent CN1491254A of Australia Stylofin International Holdings Co., Ltd. discloses a polymer composite foam material. In its technical proposal, phenolic or furan resin is used as the continuous phase to compound expandable polystyrene. The good flame retardant performance of furan resin combined with the thermal insulation performance of expandable polystyrene constitutes a composite thermal insulation material, which is a good solution, but there are the following defects in practical application: the gap between the polystyrene foamed particles in the preparation process The degree of combination and closeness of the product is not enough, which leads to the decline of physical properties such as the strength of the product, which affects the application of the product as an insulation material; at the same time, because the phenolic or furan resin is formed by condensation of phenol, formaldehyde or furfuryl alcohol or furfural, it is inevitable A large amount of free monomers such as formaldehyde and phenol remain, resulting in high toxicity and many organic volatiles during production and application, causing environmental pollution and greatly affecting the occupational health of operators

[0004] The Chinese invention patent CN102391588A applied by the process engineering research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences discloses a high flame-retardant and low-smoke density polystyrene foam composite thermal insulation material. The technical solution uses phenolic resin and flame retardant expandable graphite, capsule red phosphorus, Nano-aluminum hydroxide is used as a coating, and the coating is coated on the surface of expandable polystyrene particles, and then molded. However, in practical applications, due to the expensive price of expandable graphite and capsule red phosphorus, it affects In addition, because the flame retardant principle of red phosphorus is to use phosphorus and oxygen to oxidize and burn to generate phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O5), to achieve the spread of flame retardant, play a flame retardant effect, but the drawback of this method is the production of phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O5) will further absorb the moisture in the air and turn into phosphoric acid, which will make the material acidic and further corrode the base building materials (such as rivets, metal fasteners, etc.); on the other hand, the preparation method combines phenolic resin with curing agent, expandable graphite, capsule red phosphorus and nano-aluminum hydroxide are stirred in a high-speed mixer to form a functional coating, and then polystyrene foam particles and functional coating are stirred and coated. Due to the curing characteristics of phenolic resin, In actual production and application, once the functional coating is prepared too much, it will often solidify into a block soon and cannot be used. At the same time, the mixed functional coating adopts high-speed mixing equipment, which makes the process consume more energy, which is not conducive to the production cost. reduce

[0005] The Chinese invention patent CN1906236A of South Korea Polmar Co., Ltd. discloses a kind of expanded polystyrene beads with a functional surface layer. In its technical scheme, vinyl acetate resin is used as the functional surface layer, and then compounded with a flame retardant to make a flame retardant. Combustible polystyrene products, but its disadvantage is that polyvinyl acetate must be dissolved into a solution with methanol, and because polystyrene particles are easy to stick, it is necessary to spray ethylene glycol stripping agent when stirring to make polystyrene into independent particles ; At the same time, since polyvinyl acetate does not have the property of being cured by heating or adding a curing agent, its functions such as the addition of a flame retardant are very limited, and the product will deteriorate when it is molded. Combining or curing molding; in addition, the use of toxic and flammable methanol, ethylene glycol, etc. as solvents or stripping agents during production has the problem of solvent volatilization, which is very unfavorable for environmental protection and occupational safety

[0006] Chinese invention patent application CN102807683A discloses a method for preparing a flame-retardant and anti-dripping molded polystyrene foam material. In this method, it is mentioned that expandable graphite is used as a flame retardant and coated on the surface of polystyrene foam particles , this method has a certain helpful effect on improving the flame retardancy, but its most important disadvantage is that the principle of flame retardancy of expandable graphite is to expand when it encounters fire, thereby carbonizing and flame-retardant, so the coating will be coated during the expansion carbonization process. The skeleton of the layer is destroyed, resulting in pulverization. Secondly, dust, particles and slag will be generated during expansion, and even sparks will be generated. According to the requirements of the national standard GB8624-2011, burning droplets and particles are very unfavorable. Combustion phenomenon, so there are still potential safety hazards in the application of this foam material in the field of building insulation

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