Articular cartilage graft and preparation method thereof

Abstract

An articular cartilage graft and a preparation method thereof are provided. The prepared articular cartilage graft is composed of a superficial layer, a middle layer and a deep layer from outside to inside; the thickness, shape and size of each layer are all matched with a cartilage injury part, and thus preoperative shaping is not required; after grafting, the articular cartilage graft has layer distribution corresponding to distribution of each layer of surrounding normal cartilages, is conducive to intercellular signal transmission, transduction and regulation, and can be better integrated with surrounding normal cartilage tissues; the articular cartilage graft has structure characteristics consistent with those of the natural cartilages, the collagen type II content is gradually decreased from the superficial layer to the deep layer, the GAG content is increased gradually from the superficial layer to the deep layer, and compression resistance and wear resistance are good; and chondrocytes in the cartilage graft are wrapped with an extracellular matrix, have low immunogenicity, allow generation of immunologic rejection to be avoided after grafting, can survive for a long term and exert functions, and improve cartilage repair long-term curative effects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tissue engineering medical biomaterials, and in particular relates to an articular cartilage graft and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Articular cartilage is hyaline cartilage composed of chondrocytes, cartilage fibers, and cartilage matrix. Cartilage tissue has the characteristics of heterogeneous layer distribution, which is divided into superficial layer (10-20%), middle layer (40-60%) and deep layer (20-30%) from top to bottom. In recent years, studies have found that each region of cartilage has a different structure, different protein components, and performs different functions. The gene expression and growth rate of chondrocytes obtained from different regions are different. The density of chondrocytes in the superficial, middle and deep layers decreases in turn, among which the chondrocytes in the superficial layer are closely arranged in the horizontal direction and ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] After retrieval, Chinese patents 02136560.1, 03147950.2, and 200310109203.6 disclose methods for constructing tissue engineered cartilage derived from allogeneic cells, but none of them carry out subregional construction according to the structure and function of normal cartilage, which may cause the prepared tissue engineered cartilage to be different from the surrounding normal cartilage and cartilage. The lower osseointegration is not good, and the wear resistance and compression resistance consistent with natural cartilage cannot be obtained. The patent also does not take effective measures to reduce the risk of immune rejection of allogeneic cells, and cannot guarantee the survival and function of cells in the recipient

Chinese patents 200610026862.7 and 200810102842.2 respectively use adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to induce differentiation into chondrocytes as seed cells. Although mesenchymal stem cells come from a wide range of sources, mesenchymal stem cells induced in the direction of cartilage may be involved in gene expression, Extracellular matrix secretion, cell signal transduction, etc. cannot be exactly the same as normal chondrocytes, and it is uncertain whether mesenchymal stem cells induced in the direction of chondrocytes can maintain the characteristics of hyal

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