Phosphor-containing nitrogen-containing structural type flame retardant polyhydric alcohol as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a phosphor-containing nitrogen-containing structural type flame retardant polyhydric alcohol as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to a flame retardant polymer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of carrying out heat-up reaction on paraformaldehyde and ethanol amine under protection of a nitrogen gas after mixing and reacting, then, adding alcohol liquor of aromatic phenol compounds, and refluxing and reacting to obtain an Mannich polyhydric alcohol intermediate; adding phosphite ester compounds to continuously react with paraformaldehyde after cooling the temperature of the system to 50 DEG C-55 DEG C, removing alcohol and moisture produced by reaction by distilling under reduced pressure to obtain a product. The phosphor-containing nitrogen-containing structural type flame retardant polyhydric alcohol can be applied to manufacturing hard polyurethane foam plastic. A benzene ring structure with good thermal stability and P, N flame-retardant elements are introduced into a PU (poly urethane) structure by virtue of a chemical bond mode by using the polyhydric alcohol without a mobility problem, so that lasting flame resistance is realized on the condition of ensuring material processing performances. A catalyst is not used for synthesizing the flame retardant polyhydric alcohol, materials are cheap and easily available, process is simple; and the retardant polyhydric alcohol is easy for industrial production without producing pollutants, and satisfies environment-friendly requirements.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a flame-retardant polymer, in particular to a phosphorus-containing and nitrogen-containing structural flame-retardant polyol and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF), also known as rigid polyurethane foam, has the advantages of light weight, good heat insulation, sound absorption, cushioning and shock resistance, and has excellent mechanical properties and chemical corrosion resistance. The material has strong cohesive force, so it is widely used as thermal insulation material for petrochemical pipelines, refrigeration equipment, transportation equipment and buildings. However, due to the large specific surface area of ​​PU foam plastics, good gas permeability, and high proportion of molecular chain hydrocarbons, the burning speed and quality loss will be accelerated during combustion, so the limiting oxygen index of rigid polyurethane foam plastics without ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The Chinese patent with the application number 201210103713.1 introduces a preparation method of phosphorus-halogen synergistic flame-retardant polyether polyol, and applies it to the preparation of flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foam. The result significantly improves the flame retardancy of polyurethane rigid foam (LOI is 30.8), but because the flame-retardant polyether polyol contains halogen, it will produce toxic, harmful and strongly irritating hydrogen halide gas during combustion, so it is difficult to meet environmental protection requirements

[0005] The Chinese patent with the application number 201310414097.6 introduces a preparation method of a reactive Mannich polyether polyol with permanent flame retardant effect. By using the polyether polyol, the benzene ring structure with good thermal stability and flame retardant Elements are introduced into the polyurethane structure, but because the polyether polyol contains a relatively single flame retardant element (only nitrogen elements), the flame retardant performance of the polyurethane rigid foam used for the preparation is not significantly improved (the highest LOI is 26.2) , low flame retardant efficiency

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