Method for fluorine removal of wastewater in bastnaesite hydrometallurgy

A technology for hydrometallurgy and bastnasite, which is applied in the fields of metallurgical wastewater treatment, chemical instruments and methods, water pollutants, etc. Effect

Active Publication Date: 2014-08-13
SICHUAN PROVINCE LESHAN CITY RUIFENG METALLURGY CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] 1. Due to the addition of certain inorganic salts, especially aluminum salts, during the roasting or primary leaching of bastnaesite in this patent, the cerium-less rare earth chloride feed liquid produced has a high content of non-rare earth impurities, especially dioxane Aluminum, during the extraction process, the separated rare earth products such as praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, and gadolinium contain high amounts of aluminum oxide, of which the aluminum content is ≥ 0.15%, resulting in low yields and low yields of praseodymium, neodymium, and praseodymium neodymium metals. Metal cannot meet the requirements of high-end magnetic materials;
[0007] 2. The cerium concentrate produced by this patent contains fluorine ≥ 12%, and also contains other elements. It cannot be used alone as a raw material for smelting rare earth ferrosilicon, because a large amount of silicon fluoride poisonous gas will be produced, which will not only corrode equipment but also pollute the environment.

Method used

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  • Method for fluorine removal of wastewater in bastnaesite hydrometallurgy

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] The raw material is bastnaesite (REO: 70%), which is oxidized and roasted, leached with hydrochloric acid once, and the leached residue is then subjected to alkali conversion and decomposition. The waste alkaline water is enriched with cerium and other minerals, of which F: 12.40 g / L, OH - : 0.64mol / L, cerium carbonate REO: 45.6%.

[0023] a. Take 1 liter of the above waste alkaline water and adjust the pH value to 2.5-3.0 with 31% industrial hydrochloric acid, take a sample and send it to the central control analysis room to determine the fluorine content, filter the bottle for suction purification, remove suspended matter, and measure the volume.

[0024] b. Calculate the amount of cerium carbonate actually consumed according to the fluorine content in the purified waste alkaline water after the above adjustment:

[0025] Reaction formula: Ce 2 (CO 3 ) 3 +6HCl+6NaF→2CeF 3 ↓+6NaCl+3CO 2 ↑

[0026] Calculation formula: W Ce =[(M CeO2 ×V 废水 ×C F )...

example 2

[0040] The raw material is alkaline-to-alkali wastewater produced in the workshop, of which F: 11.8g / L, OH - : 0.56mol / L, lanthanum carbonate REO: 40.5%.

[0041] a. Take 1 liter of waste alkaline water, use 31% industrial hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 2.5-3.0, take the supernatant and send it to the central control analysis to determine that the F is 10.92g / L, and the volume of the filter bottle is 1.07 liters.

[0042] b. Calculate the amount of lanthanum carbonate that needs to be added in the beaker according to the above volume and fluorine content. The reaction formula is: 6NaF+6HCl+La2(CO3)3→2LaF3↓+2CO2↑+3H2O+6NaCl.

[0043] c. Calculate the amount of hydrochloric acid that needs to be added according to the amount of lanthanum carbonate added, the reaction formula: La 2 (CO 3 ) 3 +6HCl→2LaCl 3 +3CO 2 +3H 2 O.

[0044] d. Add hydrochloric acid slowly, and control the reaction speed by the amount of hydrochloric acid added. After the reaction is com...

example 3

[0048] Accurately weigh 200 grams of oxidized ore after roasting: REO: 77.35%, CeO 2 : 37.38%, F: 8.63%, Ce 2 (CO 3 ) 3 : 45.6%.

[0049] a. Use a 500ml beaker to take 300ml of bottom water, 160ml of industrial hydrochloric acid for a dip, the reaction temperature is 80 degrees, slowly add 31% hydrochloric acid, add it in 1 hour, react for 3 hours, use flocculant to settle, wash twice, tetravalent cerium and trivalent rare earth fluoride remain in the beaker in solid phase.

[0050] b. Add 95ml of NaOH liquid with a content of 50% to the above-mentioned first immersion solid phase, and carry out alkali conversion on a 500W electric furnace at a temperature of 95-110 degrees, and react for 1 hour.

[0051] c. Wash several times of alkali slurry: transfer all the washing water into a 2000ml beaker, the volume of waste alkali water: 1800ml, send it to the central control analysis room for measurement: F: 8.15g / L, OH - : 0.15mol / L.

[0052] d. According to the calculation, F...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of bastnaesite hydrometallurgy, and in particular relates to a method for fluorine removal of wastewater in bastnaesite hydrometallurgy. A specific scheme comprises the following steps: A. regulating pH value of a fluorine-containing waste liquid to be acid through hydrochloric acid; B. adding cerium carbonate or lanthanum carbonate as well as hydrochloric acid to the waste liquid; C. adding a flocculant to the liquid obtained from reaction of the step B; and D. collecting a flocculating product. Through the method disclosed by the invention, chlorine in the wastewater is nearly completely turned into cerium fluoride; and therefore, the method not only reduces pollution but also facilitates operation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of bastnaesite wet smelting, in particular to a new method for removing fluorine from bastnaesite wet smelting wastewater and converting it into high-purity rare earth fluoride. Background technique [0002] Bastnaesite is a cerium fluorocarbonate mineral, often associated with some other element minerals, especially the rich fluorine resources in it. It is an important mineral raw material for extracting cerium group rare earth elements. Cerium group elements can be used to make alloy magnetic materials, and can also be used to make jet aircraft, missiles, engines and heat-resistant machinery, and can also be used as protective shells for radiation protection, polishing Materials, colorants for glass ceramics, decolorizers, etc. [0003] The current common method of bastnaesite smelting is oxidative roasting-hydrochloric acid leaching method: first, the bastnaesite concentrate is pickled with hydrochloric acid to re...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C02F1/52C01F17/00C02F101/14C02F103/16
Inventor 吴仕伦张亚兵朱光荣冯新瑞税东许思玉
Owner SICHUAN PROVINCE LESHAN CITY RUIFENG METALLURGY CO LTD
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