Process for circulation strengthening extraction of high purity copper powder by using copper scrap

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for circulation strengthening extraction of high purity copper powder by using copper scrap. According to the present invention, with the process, metal copper is dissolved with an ammonia copper leaching liquid to form the cuprous ions and the ammonia, the cuprous ions and the ammonia can be rapidly oxidized into a divalent copper ammonia solution so as to promote the dissolving reaction process of the metal copper, the finally-obtained leaching solution stays in the cuprous ammonia state, the pH value of the solution is appropriately adjusted to make the copper and the ammonia form various double salt solids so as to be precipitated and filter and separate the ammonia copper mother liquor, the double salt solids form the complex and react with hydrazine hydrate so as to completely convert into the high purity copper powder, and the ammonia copper mother liquor is slightly added with partial alkali so as to be recovered and then returns to the leaching process so as to continuously perform the new round of the copper leaching operation. With the new process method of the present invention, the ammonia leaching efficiency on the copper scrap can be substantially promoted, the copper powder preparation yield can be significantly increased, the alkali consumption required by blending of the precipitation mother liquor into the alkaline state is significantly reduced, and the zero emission and the closed internal circulation are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting, in particular to an enhanced ammonia leaching extraction process utilizing waste metal copper resources. Background technique [0002] Copper is an urgently needed strategic metal for the development of the national economy. Due to its relatively small abundance in the earth's crust, its wide range of applications, and its huge demand, the stable supply of copper resources is related to the foundation of a country's economic development. The traditional metal copper production mainly starts from copper sulfide ore, and goes through the processes of matte smelting, converter blowing, anode furnace refining and electrolytic refining. It is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. In recent years, although the global copper smelting industry The technological progress has been remarkable and the transformation has been improved, but the energy consumption, water cons...

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Problems solved by technology

This method has been widely used industrially, but it needs to use hydrogen and high-pressure reduction process, so it has a high degree of professional requirements for equipment design and manufacture, operation safety, etc.

The other is to introduce reducing gas, such as SO 2 The ammonia copper complex solution is neutralized and reduced to cuprous ammonium ammonium sulfite solid precipitation form and separated from the mother liquor, and then the precipitated solid is contacted with an acidic solution and heated to obtain a disproportionation reaction to obtain metal copper powder, but the copper powder of this method The yield is only 50%, and using SO 2 Such gas may pollute the operating environment, so there is also a problem of insufficient production efficiency, economy and environmental friendliness

Another technique is to add an acidic solution to the copper ammonia coordination solution until it is weakly acidic to obtain copper powder. This method also belongs to the disproportionation reaction process, but the acid consumption is huge, and it takes a lot of time to return to the leaching stage after causticizing the acidified mother liquor. The yield of a large amount of alkali and copper powder is only 50% of the amount of copper in the initial solution. This method also has a serious problem of solution volume expansion, so it is rarely used in industrial applications.

All of the above methods use chemical reagents to carry out the extraction of copper in the copper ammonia coordination solution, and there are generally disadvantages such as large consumption of reagents and low yield of copper powder.

In addition, there is another process, the electrolytic copper precipitation method, in which copper is directly extracted from the copper ammonia coordination solution in the form of high-purity metal copper, and the mother liquor is returned for a new round of leaching. This method has a simple process and a short process. , to directly obtain high-purity copper plates, but there are also disadvantages of high power consumption and no advantages compared with electrolytic copper deposition in the traditional copper smelting industry

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