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A hollow porous carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery negative electrode material doped with graphene and its preparation method

A battery negative electrode and nanofiber technology, which is applied in the direction of battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of battery cycle life attenuation, active material powdering and falling off, electrode active material and current collector electrical contact weakening, etc., to shorten the diffusion distance, relieve volume expansion, improve the effect of mechanical properties and electrical conductivity

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-05-31
ZHONGYUAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, during the alloying reaction between silicon and lithium, the silicon material will produce a dramatic volume expansion (>300%), which will easily lead to sharp pulverization and shedding of the active material during the cycle, and weaken the electrical contact between the electrode active material and the current collector. , causing the battery cycle life to decline rapidly

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] A preparation method of a graphene-doped hollow porous carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery negative electrode material is carried out according to the following steps:

[0023] (1) Ultrasonic disperse graphene oxide into a mixed solvent composed of N-N dimethylformamide and acetic acid at room temperature to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene oxide solution. The mass concentration of graphene oxide is 0.12%, N-N two The volume ratio of methylformamide and acetic acid is 15:1-5, and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 4-10h;

[0024] (2) Add polyacrylonitrile powder, polymethyl methacrylate powder and tetraethyl orthosilicate to the graphene oxide solution described in step (1), and ultrasonically stir for 2-8 hours at 80°C to obtain poly Mixed solution of acrylonitrile / polymethyl methacrylate / tetraethyl silicate / graphene oxide. The mass concentration of polyacrylonitrile is 8%, and the mass concentration of tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1-5%;

[0025] (3) placing ...

Embodiment 2

[0032] A preparation method of a graphene-doped hollow porous carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery negative electrode material is carried out according to the following steps:

[0033] (1) Ultrasonic dispersion of graphene oxide into a mixed solvent composed of N-N dimethylformamide and acetic acid at room temperature to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene oxide solution. The mass concentration of graphene oxide is 0.15%, the volume ratio of N-N dimethylformamide and acetic acid is 15:1-5, and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 8h;

[0034] (2) Add polyacrylonitrile powder, polymethyl methacrylate powder and tetraethyl orthosilicate to the graphene oxide solution described in step (1), and ultrasonically stir for 6 hours at 80°C to obtain polyacrylonitrile / Polymethyl methacrylate / tetraethyl orthosilicate / mixed solution of graphene oxide. The mass concentration of polyacrylonitrile is 9%, and the mass concentration of tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1-5%;

[0035] (3) placi...

Embodiment 3

[0042] A preparation method of a graphene-doped hollow porous carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery negative electrode material is carried out according to the following steps:

[0043] (1) Ultrasonic disperse graphene oxide into a mixed solvent composed of N-N dimethylformamide and acetic acid at room temperature to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene oxide solution. The mass concentration of graphene oxide is 0.18%, N-N two The volume ratio of methylformamide and acetic acid is 15:1-5, and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 8h;

[0044] (2) Add polyacrylonitrile powder, polymethyl methacrylate powder and tetraethyl orthosilicate to the graphene oxide solution described in step (1), and ultrasonically stir for 6 hours at 80°C to obtain polyacrylonitrile / Polymethyl methacrylate / tetraethyl orthosilicate / mixed solution of graphene oxide. The mass concentration of polyacrylonitrile is 9%, and the mass concentration of tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1-5%;

[0045] (3) placing ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a hollow porous graphene-doped carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. The hollow porous graphene-doped carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material is formed by evenly dispersing silicon nanoparticles and graphene into a carbon nanofiber matrix. The specific preparation method comprises the following steps: with a mixed solution of polyacrylonitrile / polymethyl methacrylate / tetraethoxysilane / graphene oxide as a shell solution, with a polymethyl methacrylate solution as a core solution, obtaining a graphene oxide-doped polyacrylonitrile / polymethyl methacrylate / silicon dioxide nanofiber by a coaxial electrospinning technique; pre-oxidizing the obtained nanofiber at 200-300 DEG C, and then carrying out high-temperature carbonization at 500-1,000 DEG C; and finally carrying out thermal reduction to obtain the hollow porous graphene-doped carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material by magnesium powder. The hollow porous graphene-doped carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material prepared by the method has the advantages of relatively large specific surface area, porosity and the like; the electrical conductivity of the electrode material is significantly improved; the cycle stability of the lithium battery anode material is improved; and the hollow porous graphene-doped carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material has a wide application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the preparation of a graphene-doped hollow porous carbon / silicon nanofiber lithium battery negative electrode material, which is applied to lithium battery electrode materials and specifically belongs to the technical field of chemical energy storage. Background technique [0002] With the development of microelectronics technology in the 21st century, miniaturized equipment is increasing day by day, and high-performance chemical power sources have entered the stage of large-scale application. Lithium-ion batteries are currently the most ideal and highest-tech rechargeable chemical batteries in the world, because compared with other batteries, lithium-ion batteries have better performance. Lithium-ion batteries are currently mainly used in mobile phones, notebook computers, power tools, Electronic products, electric bicycles, etc. will be used in the fields of electric vehicles, aerospace, military mobile communication tools an...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62
CPCH01M4/364H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M2004/021Y02E60/10
Inventor 何建新闫飞王利丹邵伟力楚艳艳丁彬崔世忠
Owner ZHONGYUAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE
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