Temperature-resistant salt-tolerant viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature-resistant salt-tolerant viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation. The temperature-resistant salt-tolerant viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer is composed of microzyme, a seed liquid medium, a fermentation liquor medium and water. The microzyme is torulopsis candida. The preparation method of the viscosity reducer comprises (1) preparation of a microzyme seed liquid; (2) early-stage preparation of the fermentation liquor medium; (3) fermentation production of microzyme; (4) collection of a fermentation product; and (5) preparation of the viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer. The viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer is green and free of pollution by employing agricultural and sideline products as raw materials. The provided viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer possesses the temperature resistance up to 150 DEG C, the salt tolerance up to 2*10<5> mg / L, and the viscous-oil viscosity reduction rate up to 99% or more. The enforcement method of the viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer is simple. The viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer is substantial in effect, is capable of saving energy, reducing consumption and preventing pipelines from fouling and being corroded, and the subsequent crude-oil demulsification dewatering processing is easy. Therefore, the viscous-oil biological viscosity reducer is widely applicable to shaft elevation of a viscous oil well and ground pipeline conveying technology.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation, and in particular relates to a temperature-resistant and salt-resistant heavy oil biological viscosity reducer and a preparation method thereof. technical background [0002] Heavy oil refers to degassed crude oil with a viscosity greater than 100mPa·S at the oil reservoir temperature. Because of its high colloidal asphaltene content and high viscosity characteristics, some technical difficulties have been encountered in various aspects of development and application. It is necessary to adopt various methods in various links of mining, transportation and refining to reduce its viscosity. At present, the commonly used viscosity reduction methods at home and abroad include: heating method, thin oil method and chemical agent viscosity reduction, etc., but these methods have the following problems: (1) Heating method, that is, using steam or hot fluid to heat crude oil method, this me...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, the commonly used viscosity reduction methods at home and abroad include: heating method, thin oil method and chemical agent viscosity reduction, etc., but these methods have the following problems: (1) Heating method, that is, using steam or hot fluid to heat crude oil method, this method consumes a lot of energy, has high development costs, and low construction safety; (2) the method of mixing thin oil, the source of thin oil is limited, and special pipelines are needed to transport the thin oil from the production area to the oil field to be mixed with the heavy oil, and the heavy oil Adding thin oil into the medium has a great impact on the oil quality of both heavy oil and thin oil; (3) chemical viscosity reducer, this method has low energy consumption and low cost, but the existing reported heavy oil emulsification viscosity reducer mainly Composed of non-ionic alkylphenol ether (OP) and anionic petroleum sulfonate (NP), these chemical agents contain structures such as refractory and highly toxic benzene rings, and have limited high temperature and salt resistance

[0003] According to the patent search, there are few viscosity reducers with temperature and salt resistance, the publication number is "CN1560176", the patent name is "temperature and salt resistance type thick oil viscosity reducer and its preparation method", the content of the patent invention is based on Polyoxyethylene ether acetate as the main component of the viscosity reducer, the preparation process is complex, and the production process uses organic chlorine components such as chloroacetic acid, organic chlorine is very harmful to the catalyst in the downstream refining process and has been banned in oil field development

[0004] The patent publication number is "CN1560177", and the patent title is "High-temperature heavy oil viscosity reducer and its preparation method". The patent uses N-alkyl-γ-bisquaternary ammonium cationic surfactant as the viscosity reducer. The active agent has poor salt tolerance and is difficult to biodegrade

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