A three-dimensional fiber reinforced lightweight non-combustible thermal insulation composite material and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional fiber-reinforced lightweight non-combustible thermal insulation composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material includes: 80wt%-95wt% three-dimensional fiber reinforcement, 5wt%-20wt% resin matrix; the resin matrix is ​​dispersed and filled in a three-dimensional Fibers reinforce the voids in the body. When preparing, first select the three-dimensional fiber reinforcement, impregnate the resin solution to form a composite, heat and dry for a certain period of time, then apply pressure and cure for a certain period of time to obtain a blank, and machine the shape of the blank to obtain the product. The composite material of the present invention has good thermal insulation performance, flame retardant performance and high-temperature shape retention performance, and the preparation method of the present invention does not require special equipment such as autoclave, is simple and easy to operate, has good manufacturability, and is easy to transform into a production line for mass production production and reduce costs.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a light non-combustible thermal insulation composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] my country's building energy consumption accounts for about 1 / 3 of the total energy consumption of the whole society. After the country began to implement building energy saving, the building energy saving design increased from 30% energy saving in 1987 to the current highest standard of 75% energy saving. Transformed into the form of external wall insulation. Therefore, the thermal insulation performance of building exterior insulation materials directly determines whether building energy efficiency can meet the design requirements. [0003] At present, the external thermal insulation materials of building exterior walls in my country mainly include organic and inorganic materials, and neither of these two types of materials can take into account both fire prevention and thermal insulation properties. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

EPS is a foam plastic in which styrene generates micropores inside through a foaming agent during polymerization, and its thermal conductivity is less than 0.042W / m K; XPS is a foam made of styrene plus a small amount of additives by heating and extrusion molding. Rigid foam with closed-cell structure, the thermal conductivity is less than 0.032W / m K; PU is a low-density microcellular foam with closed-cell structure prepared by polyol and cyanate under the action of foaming agent, the thermal conductivity is Less than 0.024W / m·K, the main disadvantage of this type of material is that it is not flame retardant, which has caused many major fire accidents. Poor molding ability, the insulation material softens rapidly and loses its original shape under high temperature conditions such as fire, and dangers such as dripping and high-altitude falling off occur, causing secondary damage to living bodies

[0004] Inorganic foam glass, foam cement, expanded perlite, rock wool board and other materials are non-combustible, with good fire resistance but poor thermal insulation performance

Foam glass is an inorganic hard heat insulation material with a uniform and independent closed air gap structure, which is made of ground glass powder as the main raw material by adding foaming agent, melting, foaming, annealing and cooling, and has a thermal conductivity of 0.05W / m·K And the cost is high; foam cement has poor toughness and high density, and its thermal conductivity is 0.22W / m K; expanded perlite is a white granular porous material made of acidic volcanic glassy lava after crushing, screening, high-temperature roasting, expansion and cooling , thermal conductivity 0.05~0.66W / m K and not resistant to freezing and thawing; rock wool is a mineral wool made by melting natural igneous rock at high temperature, blowing centrifugal force and high-pressure energy-carrying gas, and its thermal conductivity is 0.045W / m·K or so, but it is difficult to fix, high water absorption rate, high energy consumption in the production process, high carbon emission, serious air pollution, rock wool dust endangers workers' health during construction on the construction site

Therefore, inorganic thermal insulation materials are difficult to popularize and apply due to poor thermal insulation performance, difficult construction, and insufficient supporting facilities.

[0005] To sum up, the current external thermal insulation materials for building exterior walls can take into account both thermal insulation performance and flame-retardant performance, especially the flame-retardant thermal insulation materials that meet the high-temperature fire protection field are still blank.

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