Charcoal fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

A technology of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer, applied in application, nitrogen fertilizer, potash fertilizer, etc., can solve the problem that the residual rate of carbon fertilizer is difficult to meet the standard of ordinary fertilizer, the control of large return material and the yield are difficult to guarantee, and the method of extrusion dehydration and drying is not Very reliable and other issues, to achieve the effect of improving the carbonization effect, not easy to agglomerate, and less water

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-07-13
SHENZHEN BATIAN ECOTYPIC ENG
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  • Description
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In actual production, the biomass charcoal fertilizer prepared above has the following defects: 1. The method of air drying and air drying depends on environmental conditions, takes a long time, and has a large site area, and this extrusion dehydration drying method is not very reliable; ②The raw materials obtained by carbonization are pyrolyzed, carbonized, pulverized and screened, and most of the obtained carbon particles are not carbon powder, and carbon-based compound fertilizers are prepared from carbon particles. Indexes that are difficult to guarantee; ③Using clay as the aggregate additive, the strength and residue rate of the obtained carbon fertilizer products are difficult to meet the standard of ordinary fertilizers, and the more clay is added, it will inevitably lead to a decrease in its nutrient and carbon content, reducing the use of fertilizers Rate

Method used

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Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0031] The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned biochar fertilizer, comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1 dehydration pretreatment: transfer the straw with a water content of 10-30% into a carbonization furnace, and dehydrate and deoxidize it at a temperature of 100-250°C for 60-120 minutes;

[0033] S2 high-temperature carbonization: put the dehydrated and oxygen-exhausted straw in a closed furnace (only the exhaust pipe above the furnace) to heat and burn, and carbonize at a high temperature of 600-700°C for 30-240 minutes;

[0034] S3 pulverization: After cooling, pulverize the carbonized product to make the particle size ≤ 0.5mm to form biochar powder;

[0035] S4 granulation: After mixing 10-50% of biochar powder, 20-70% of compound fertilizer, and 5-30% of additives, disc granulation or drum granulation can be used, and the granulation temperature is 100-140 ℃;

[0036] S5: Packaging: cooling and sieving the granulated product ...

Embodiment 1

[0041] Take 3 kg of agricultural surplus rice straw or wheat straw with a water content of about 25%, put it into a carbonization furnace, perform dehydration and deoxygenation pretreatment at a temperature of 150°C for 1h, and then carbonize at 600°C for 0.5h. The product is biochar with a carbon content of 80-99.9%. After cooling to room temperature, it is pulverized and passed through a 0.35mm sieve to form biochar powder;

[0042] Take 30% of urea, 10% of agricultural potassium sulfate, 15% of agricultural monoammonium phosphate, 35% of biochar powder, add 8% of molten urea, 2% of water, and use the disc method to granulate at a temperature of 100-140°C. After drying and screening, the particle size is 3mm and packaged.

[0043] Applying the biochar fertilizer prepared above to the rice growth period can increase the fertilizer utilization rate by about 10%, and can increase the yield by about 7%.

Embodiment 2

[0045] Take 5 kg of corn stalks with a water content of about 30%, put them into a carbonization furnace, dehydrate and de-oxygenize at 250°C for 2 hours, and then carbonize at 700°C for 3 hours. The product is biochar with a carbon content of 45-70%. After cooling to room temperature, it is pulverized and passed through a 0.5mm sieve to form biochar powder;

[0046] Take 30% of ammonium sulfate, 20% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20% of ammonium polyphosphate, 25% of biochar powder, add 4% of molten urea, 1% of water, and use the drum method to granulate at a temperature of 10-140°C , after drying and screening, the particle size is 4.5mm and packaged.

[0047] Applying the biochar fertilizer prepared above to the corn growth period can increase the fertilizer utilization rate by 8%, and can increase the yield by about 10%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a charcoal fertilizer, prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-50% of charcoal powder, 20-70% of compound fertilizer and 5-30% of adjuvant, wherein the charcoal powder is obtained by putting straws in a carbonization furnace for dehydration and deoxygenation treatment and smashing the straws to a particle size of not more than 0.5mm after high-temperature carbonization. A preparation method of the charcoal fertilizer comprises the following steps: feeding the straws into the carbonization furnace; performing the dehydration and deoxygenation treatment for 1-2 hours at a temperature of 100-250 DEG C; carbonizing the straws at a high temperature of 600-700 DEG C for 30-240min; cooling the carbonized product and then smashing the carbonized product to form the charcoal powder with the particle size of not more than 0.5mm; uniformly mixing the charcoal powder, the compound fertilizer and the adjuvant in proportion to obtain a mixture and then pelleting the mixture to obtain pellets; cooling and screening the pellets to a particle size of 1.5-4.75mm; packing the screened pellets. The charcoal fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the advantages of an extensive source of the raw material straws, a good carbonization effect, high carbon content, conformity with the concept of environmental protection, simplicity in preparation technique, low energy consumption, high product strength and capability of processing the raw materials in a centralized manner and obviously increasing the utilization rate and quality stability of the fertilizer. The invention further discloses an application of the charcoal fertilizer in crop growth.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a method of carbonizing straw to generate biochar, using biochar components to form a biochar fertilizer product, and preparing the biochar fertilizer, as well as an application thereof. Background technique [0002] Our country is vast in land, resources, resources and resources, and there are one billion farmers as a big agricultural country. A large amount of "leftover" formed by its growth has long been used as traditional farm fuel for heating and cooking. In particular, farmers in North China generally plant two-season crops, mainly corn and cotton. According to statistics, about 35% of my country's crop straw is used as rural energy, 25% as livestock feed, only 9.81% as fertilizer, 7% as industrial raw materials, and 20.7% as waste and incineration. Especially in recent years, large-scale burning of straw has caused repeated brown smoke pollution, and a la...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C05G1/06C05G5/00
CPCC05B7/00C05G5/12C05C9/00C05D1/02C05D9/00C05C3/00C05C1/00
Inventor 余春秋褚红艳张建军戴毅平刘腾
Owner SHENZHEN BATIAN ECOTYPIC ENG
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