Rare earth in-situ leaching and enriching process for ionic rare earth ore

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth in-situ leaching and enriching process for ionic rare earth ore. The rare earth in-situ leaching and enriching process comprises the following steps: step 1, injection an ore leaching agent and a shrinkage agent into ore body, and performing sited and in-situ ore leaching to enable 'ion-phase' and part of 'other-phase' rare earth to leach out to obtain a mother liquor; step 2, pumping an impurity removal agent I into the medium and high-concentration mother liquor for impurity removal, precipitating through a precipitator, washing with clear water, filtering, and firing to obtain a solid rare earth product, wherein the impurity removal agent I is a mixed solution of a sodium bicarbonate solution and a sodium carbonate solution, and the precipitator is a sodium bicarbonate solution; and pumping an impurity removal agent II into the low-concentration mother liquid for neutralization to remove aluminum impurities, pumping ion exchange columns into the mother liquor from which aluminum is removed for adsorptive enrichment of rare earth ions, and desorbing with acid to obtain a liquid rare earth product, wherein the impurity removal agent II is lime cream. The independently researched and developed brand-new agents are used together with the whole set of innovative technology to achieve the purposes of significant change of the ionic rare earth extraction process, comprehensive optimization of technical-economic indicators and friendly ecological environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining technology, in particular to an in-situ rare earth leaching and enrichment process of ionic rare earth ores. Background technique [0002] So far, there are mainly two leaching and enrichment processes for "ionic rare earth ores", one is "pool leaching" and the other is "in-situ leaching". Due to the great damage and impact of "pool leaching" on the ecological environment, my country's mining technology policy for the mining of "ionic rare earth mines" has eliminated them, and the "in-situ leaching" process is now being implemented. The schematic diagrams of the two mining processes are as follows: figure 1 and figure 2 shown. [0003] The core of the above two processes and the first problem to be solved is how to "leach" (or "desorb") the rare earth minerals in the "ion" state from the ore (body), which requires the use of ionic rare earth The "leaching agent" of "leaching". The "leaching a...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] (1) Because the components used in this process contain ammonia nitrogen, during the implementation of the process, ammonia nitrogen seriously exceeds the standard in many links, polluting the environment and restricting the use of the process. Many mines have been shut down for many years for rectification. Has not yet resumed production;

[0008] (2) There is a lack of systematic research on the leaching process of rare earths, and the systematic, scientific and artificial "controlled leaching" of rare earths cannot be realized;

[0009] (3) The concentration of the leaching mother liquor is low, the liquid volume is large, and the treatment cost is high, so it cannot be directly extracted and separated into the tank;

[0010] (4) During the whole production process, the rare earth leaching cycle is longer, and the whole production cycle is longer;

[0011] (5) If the development engineering and technical personnel do not have enough knowledge of the technology, and the project layout and management are improper, it is easy to cause "geological problems";

[0012] (6) This process is mainly applicable to the leaching of "ionic phase" rare earths in "full phase" rare earths, and there is a lack of research on the recovery of "other phases" of rare earths including "four phases and eight states". The utilization rate of "state" rare earth resources is very poor;

[0013] (7) The mixed ammonium bicarbonate rare earth that the ammonium bicarbonate precipitation method of existing technology is enriched rare earth obtains, and non-rare earth impurity (such as Fe, Al, Si, Ca etc.) content is higher in the product, is unfavorable for follow-up processing; And with oxalic acid precipitation The mixed rare earth oxalate obtained by the method, although the impurity content is low, but the oxalate and H in the waste water + The content of root ions is high, which needs to be neutralized, and at the same time, ammonia nitrogen or COD will have an impact on the environment;

[0014] (8) The solid rare earth products obtained by the current production process, after entering the separation plant, firstly need to prepare it into a qualified feed liquid, which requires hydrochloric acid decomposition, impurity removal and other processes. In addition to the high processing cost, the acid mist impact, and the pressure on environmental protection is also great;

[0015] (9) Single product

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