Improver for basic soil and preparation method thereof

[0019] Example 1:

[0020] Alkaline soil conditioner, its composition and its weight parts are: 35 parts of sorghum straw activated carbon, 40 parts of fermented corn stalk powder, 120 parts of organic ecological fertilizer, 16 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of desulfurization gypsum, combustion 8 parts of coal flue gas desulfurization waste, 24 parts of vinegar residue, 18 parts of distiller's grains, 40 parts of furfural residue, 8 parts of water retention agent, 18 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10 parts of zinc sulfate, 13 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of sulfur; soil improvement The agent can not only enhance soil carbon sequestration and water holding, but also effectively increase soil nutrient retention, reduce soil bulk density, and increase soil porosity, and the substitution ability of divalent and trivalent metal ions rich in amendments is greater than that of salt bases. The ion substitution ability of ions sodium ions and potassium ions, the base ions on the colloidal surface of saline-alkali land are replaced into the soil solution, so that the base ions are leached into the subsoil layer with irrigation water, thus reducing the total salt content of the saline-alkali soil and reducing the The pH of the soil solution improves the alkaline character of the soil from the root.

[0021] Example 2:

[0022] The preparation method of alkaline soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0023]1) Weigh and mix the dried sorghum straw powder and concentrated phosphoric acid at a ratio of 1:0.85. After fully stirring, use a kneader to knead at a temperature of 105°C for 30 minutes. After kneading, the sample is granulated into a diameter of 3.5mm and a length of 6.5mm. After the sample is hardened, phosphoric acid activation is performed in a high-temperature furnace. When the furnace temperature rises to 500 °C, the sample is placed in the sample and kept for 10 minutes. After activation, the sample is cooled to room temperature, washed with deionized water until neutral, and baked. After drying, the phosphoric acid activation sample is obtained; 2) Take the phosphoric acid activation sample and place it in a high-temperature furnace again, add water at 20 mL/min, and activate it for 1.5 hours in a water vapor atmosphere at 680 °C. After activation, cool the sample to room temperature , smashed through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain sorghum straw biochar; 3) Washed the corn stalk, dried and pulverized it through a 20-mesh sieve, weighed 200 parts of corn stalk powder, 80 parts of pond sludge, and 60 parts of oyster mushroom residue , adjust the water content to 50%, and stack it in a closed container for anaerobic fermentation for 18 days to obtain fermented corn stalk powder; 3) 130 parts of farm livestock manure, 42 parts of sawdust, 40 parts of peat, 1 part of microbial inoculum, 0.02-part Accelerator, 20 parts of medical stone powder mixed compost, microbial agent is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus colloid, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in a weight ratio of 3:2:1:1; adding distilled water to control the water content to 45% , using an air compressor to supply oxygen to the heap by forced ventilation, aeration for 1 hour a day, turning the heap every 2 days, and composting for 18 days to obtain organic ecological fertilizer; the accelerator is acetyl citric acid with a weight ratio of 13.6:1 Tributyl ester and (2R, 4R)-pentanediol; 4) Weigh 30 parts of sorghum straw activated carbon, 35 parts of fermented corn stalk powder, 120 parts of organic ecological fertilizer, 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, desulfurization gypsum 8 parts, 8 parts of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste, 20 parts of vinegar residue, 15 parts of distiller's grains, 30 parts of furfural slag, 8 parts of water retention agent, 15 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10 parts of zinc sulfate, 12 parts of ferrous sulfate, 30 parts of sulfur The alkaline soil conditioner is obtained by uniformly stirring and mixing at a temperature of 30°C and then drying and pulverizing.

[0024] Example 3:

[0025] The preparation method of alkaline soil conditioner includes: phosphoric acid activation, steam activation, fermentation of corn stalks, compost, and compound conditioner, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] Phosphoric acid activation: Weigh and mix the dried sorghum straw powder and concentrated phosphoric acid at a ratio of 1:0.92. After fully stirring, use a kneader to knead at a temperature of 108 ° C for 45 minutes. After kneading, the sample is granulated into a diameter of 4.0 mm and a length of 8.0 mm columnar particles, after the sample is hardened, phosphoric acid activation is performed in a high-temperature furnace. When the furnace temperature rises to 510 °C, the sample is placed in the sample and kept for 12 minutes. After activation, the sample is cooled to room temperature and washed with deionized water until neutral. After drying, it is the phosphoric acid activation sample; phosphoric acid high temperature activation can make a large number of micropores appear on the surface of sorghum straw powder, reduce the sediment on the surface of the straw powder, increase the surface smoothness, and form micropores, with micro-adsorption effect, for further prepare for activation

[0027] Steam activation: take the phosphoric acid activation sample and place it in a high-temperature furnace again, feed water at 50 mL/min, and activate it for 2.0 hours in a water vapor atmosphere at 690 °C. After activation, cool the sample to room temperature and crush it through a 220-mesh sieve. Sorghum straw biochar is obtained; after steam activation, the micropores of sorghum straw biochar are more developed and the average pore diameter is smaller, which not only plays the role of carbon sequestration and water retention, but also has a higher total pore volume and water adsorption value. Increase soil nutrient retention, reduce soil bulk density, and increase porosity;

[0028] Fermented corn stalks: take corn stalks, wash them, dry and pulverize them through a 40-mesh sieve, weigh 220 parts of corn stalk powder, 100 parts of pond sludge, and 50 parts of oyster mushroom slag, adjust the water content to 60%, and put them in an airtight container Fermented corn stalk powder can be obtained by anaerobic fermentation for 20 days; the sludge is used as inoculum to promote efficient and rapid fermentation of corn stalk powder under anaerobic conditions. The substrate is enzymatically hydrolyzed into xylan, which is further degraded into xylan oligosaccharide, xylotriose and xylobiose, etc., and finally degraded into xylose, which is then converted into organic acid by anaerobic fermentation. As the ammonia content of organic acid increases, the hydrogen ion concentration in the closed straw fermentation vessel is higher, which leads to the gradual decrease of the pH value of the straw. Therefore, the corn straw after sludge inoculation and fermentation can more effectively reduce the alkalinity and pH value of the soil. , substitutional Na ＋ At the same time, the content of soil organic matter was increased, and the organic cations, anions and soluble substances in the corn stalks all had a regulating effect on the soil pH value;

[0029] Composting: Mix 150 parts of farm livestock manure, 45 parts of sawdust, 50 parts of peat, 4 parts of microbial inoculants, 0.04 parts of accelerators, and 30 parts of medical stone powder. The weight ratio of microbial inoculants is 5:4:2:1 The mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus colloids, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria; adding distilled water to control the water content to 55%, using an air compressor to supply oxygen to the heap by forced ventilation, aeration for 2 hours a day, and turning over every 3 days Composting once, composting for 20 days, the organic ecological fertilizer is obtained; the accelerator is acetyl tributyl citrate and (2R, 4R)-pentanediol with a weight ratio of 14.0:1; the specific ratio of acetyl tributyl citrate in the accelerator is Butyl ester and (2R, 4R)-pentanediol have a synergistic gain effect, and the synergistic gain effect of the two can have a beneficial effect on the TCA cycle of microbial inoculants in compost, and enhance the efficiency of the TCA cycle of microorganisms. Further improve the energy conversion efficiency of microorganisms, promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and then effectively improve the fermentation efficiency of microorganisms on composting, complete composting earlier, and reduce time costs; after the composting is completed, all the raw materials are decomposed, the odor disappears, and pathogenic bacteria and insects in the raw materials. All eggs, grass seeds, etc. are killed, and the fermentation of livestock and poultry manure can increase the organic matter content, provide plants with medium and trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, calcium, etc., and enrich the nutrients of the soil;

[0030] Compound modifier: Weigh 40 parts of sorghum straw activated carbon, 42 parts of fermented corn stalk powder, 130 parts of organic ecological fertilizer, 18 parts of urea, 12 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of desulfurization gypsum, and 10 parts of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization waste parts, 25 parts of vinegar residue, 20 parts of distiller's grains, 5 parts of furfural residue, 10 parts of water-retaining agent, 20 parts of aluminum sulfate, 12 parts of zinc sulfate, 14 parts of ferrous sulfate, 50 parts of sulfur were uniformly stirred and mixed at 35 ℃ The alkaline soil conditioner is obtained by drying and crushing; the substitution ability of divalent and trivalent metal ions rich in the conditioner is greater than the ion substitution ability of the base ions sodium ions and potassium ions, and the base ions on the colloidal surface of the saline-alkali soil are replaced. In the soil solution, the base ions are leached into the subsoil layer with the irrigation water, thus reducing the total salt content of the saline-alkali soil. Soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, is an efficient alkaline soil conditioner.

[0031] The routine operations in the operation steps of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.