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Microbial recovery of precious metals from spent lithium batteries

A lithium battery and microorganism technology, applied in the field of precious metal recovery, can solve the problems of staying, high equipment requirements, secondary pollution, etc., and achieve the effect of reducing cost and energy consumption

Active Publication Date: 2019-09-10
EAST CHINA UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The recycling of waste lithium batteries involves at least two issues: first, the collection and concentration of waste lithium batteries; second, the recycling of waste lithium batteries
The second problem is: most of the current research on the recycling of waste lithium batteries stays in some more traditional processes, that is: dissolving and purifying precious metals, and then extracting them from the solution through extraction, chemical precipitation, electrolysis, etc. Extraction of precious metal products
These traditional processes generally have a long process, high requirements on equipment, and complicated operations, which are likely to cause secondary pollution

Method used

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  • Microbial recovery of precious metals from spent lithium batteries

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050]A kind of method that utilizes microorganism to reclaim precious metal from waste lithium battery, contains following steps (see figure 1 ):

[0051] (1) Disassemble waste lithium batteries and separate active materials

[0052] Disassemble the waste lithium battery, remove its metal shell and separator, and separate the positive and negative electrodes in the lithium battery from the separator: immerse the positive electrode material in the organic solvent 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), soak for 30min, control The temperature is 120°C, and then the active material is peeled off from the copper foil or aluminum foil by ultrasonic technology, and the obtained copper foil or aluminum foil can be directly used for the recovery of copper and aluminum; the obtained positive electrode active material is washed three times with distilled water, and then Dry at 80°C, crush the dried positive electrode active material with a pulverizer, and collect 100-300 mesh positive electrode...

Embodiment 2

[0074] A method for recovering precious metals from waste lithium batteries using microorganisms, comprising the following steps:

[0075] (1) Disassemble waste lithium batteries and separate active materials

[0076] Disassemble the waste lithium battery, remove its metal shell and diaphragm, and separate the positive and negative electrodes in the lithium battery from the diaphragm: immerse the positive electrode material in the organic solvent acetone or ethanol for 60 minutes, control the temperature at 50 ° C, and then use ultrasonic The process strips the active material (including lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese) from the copper foil or aluminum foil, and the obtained copper foil or aluminum foil can be directly used for the recovery of copper and aluminum; the positive active material obtained is washed three times with distilled water , and then dried at 25° C., crushed the dried positive electrode active material with a pulverizer, and collected 100-300 mesh posit...

Embodiment 3

[0092] A method for recovering precious metals from waste lithium batteries using microorganisms, comprising the following steps:

[0093] (1) Disassemble waste lithium batteries and separate active materials

[0094] Disassemble the waste ternary lithium battery, remove its metal shell and separator, and separate the positive and negative electrodes in the lithium battery from the separator: immerse the positive electrode material in the organic solvent 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone for 20 minutes, and control the temperature At 200°C, the active material is peeled off from the copper foil or aluminum foil by an ultrasonic process, and the obtained copper foil or aluminum foil can be directly used for the recovery of copper and aluminum; the obtained positive electrode active material is washed three times with distilled water, and then Dry at 80° C., crush the dried positive electrode active material with a pulverizer, and collect 100-300 mesh positive electrode active material pow...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for recovering precious metals from a waste lithium battery by using microorganisms. The method comprises: (1) disassembling a waste lithium battery, and separating an active material; (2) degrading with microorganisms, wherein the specific steps comprise: carrying out high temperature sterilization by using a sealed metallurgical bioreactor, preparing a culture medium, sterilizing the culture medium and an energy substance, adding the active material powder, culturing microorganisms, and obtaining an microorganism leaching solution; and (3) separating and purifying the precious metal ions, wherein the specific steps comprise: separating lithium ions by using a nickel ferricyanide film, carrying out specific separation on other metals in the active material by using a cation exchange membrane, filtering the active material solution, and determining through atomic absorption spectroscopy. According to the present invention, the active material on the lithium battery is dissolved through the acid production with metallurgical microorganisms and the chemical redox, and the purified water can be recycled, such that the external discharge of the waste and the waste liquid does not exist; and with the method, the efficient and selective separation of the precious metal ions can be achieved, and the cost and the energy consumption for the resource recycling of the waste lithium battery can be reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precious metal recovery, and relates to a technology for recovering precious metals from waste lithium batteries; in particular, it relates to a method for recovering precious metals, such as lithium, cobalt, nickel and manganese, from positive electrode active materials of waste lithium batteries using microorganisms. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion battery, referred to as "lithium battery". Now, the application of lithium battery is very extensive, and the demand is strong. According to the statistics of relevant departments in my country: In the first half of 2016 alone, driven by industries such as mobile phones and new energy vehicles, the output of lithium batteries in my country reached 2.98 billion, a year-on-year increase of 20.7%. Lithium batteries are used in a large amount, but the risk of waste lithium batteries to the environment is also great. Lithium batteries contain a large a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B3/18C22B3/42H01M10/54
CPCC22B3/18C22B3/42C22B7/006H01M10/54Y02P10/20Y02W30/84
Inventor 张旭刘晓翠朱明龙吴炜进谭文松
Owner EAST CHINA UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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