Electric furnace smelting method and system of full light scraps

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric furnace steelmaking, and particularly relates to an electric furnace smelting method and system of full light scraps. The electric furnace smelting method of the full light scraps comprises the steps of (1) packing the light scraps into scrap briquettes; (2) continuously feeding the scrap briquettes into an ultrahigh-power electric arc furnace; (3) supplying power to the electric arc furnace; blowing oxygen; injecting and blowing carbon powder; and slagging; (4) preheating the scrap briquettes through high-temperature smoke produced in the smelting process; sequentially conveying the smoke into a settlement chamber, a cooling tower and a dust remover; and then discharging the smoke to the outside; and (5) tapping after smelting. The smelting system comprises a conveyor, a hoisting tool, the electric arc furnace, the settlement chamber, the cooling tower and the dust remover. The electric furnace smelting method and system of the full lightscraps have the advantages of being environmentally friendly, simple in processes, and low in energy consumption.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of electric furnace steelmaking, in particular to an electric furnace smelting method and a smelting system for all light and thin scrap steel. Background technique [0002] Scrap steel, as an energy-saving and renewable resource that can be used indefinitely, has great application potential. The ratio of steel scrap in steelmaking in my country is only 11%, and the recycling level of scrap steel is far from the world average level. Scrap recycling is an inevitable trend in the development of the iron and steel industry. my country has a huge space for future development. The increase in scrap reserves, the removal of "strip steel" and the tightening of environmental protection make the advantages of short processes obvious. [0003] Electric arc furnace steelmaking is a steelmaking method with electric energy as the heat source and scrap steel as the main raw material. Through the electric arc generated by the disch...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] (1) The smelting process of conventional light and thin scrap steel needs to be sorted, crushed and other pretreatments, and then put into the electric furnace for smelting. This process has the problem that a large amount of waste generated in the processing process requires secondary treatment, and the energy consumption of the crushing process is high. put enormous pressure on the environment;

[0006] (2) The current electric arc furnace smelting mostly adopts the mode of scrap steel mixed with molten iron, which obtains a large amount of energy from molten iron, and its smelting efficiency and energy utilization rate are very low;

[0007] (3) Fluorite is mostly used as slag-making material in electric arc furnace steelmaking. However, fluorite can react with various oxides in slag to generate fluorine-containing gas, which seriously pollutes the environment, erodes equipment and damages the health of operators. , with the volatilization of fluorine-containing gas, the slag effect of fluorite gradually fails, so the slag action time of fluorite is short, which is not conducive to the stability of foam slag and affects the smooth progress of smelting;

[0008] (4) The existing electric arc furnace steelmaking process has a complex structure of raw materials for electric arc furnace steelmaking, large fluctuations in smelted phosphorus content, low carbon content after smelting and smelting of all scrap steel, high viscosity of molten steel, and is limited by the structure of the electric arc furnace , the flow rate of the molten pool is slow, the dephosphorization kinetics conditions are poor, and the dephosphorization is difficult during the smelting process;

[0009] (5) In the traditional electric arc furnace smelting process, in addition to injecting oxygen and carbon powder, it is also necessary to inject carbon dioxide, natural gas, nitrogen or argon, etc., which has the disadvantages of high smelting cost and complicated smelting process

[0010] (6) The metallurgical industry is one of the main pollution sources of dioxins. Dioxins are stable in nature and very easy to accumulate in the body, which is very harmful to the human body. However, the metallurgical industry has not yet proposed a simple and effective way to eliminate or prevent them. The Dioxin Method

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