A kind of nanometer aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, in particular to an alumina layer-coated nano-aluminum carbide particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is characterized by: the mass percentage of each chemical component is: aluminum 65-99.5, carbon 0.5-15.0, and the balance is at least one element of magnesium, copper, silicon, zinc, iron, manganese, chromium, and titanium; Or aluminum oxide-coated nano-aluminum carbide particles synthesized in situ are distributed on the aluminum alloy substrate. The preparation method is: prepare raw materials in proportion, dry graphite powder and activated carbon in a vacuum and mix them for later use; melt industrially pure aluminum and at least one of magnesium, copper, silicon, zinc, iron, manganese, chromium and titanium in a melting furnace After the temperature is stabilized, the mixed powder of graphite powder and activated carbon is evenly sprayed into the melt with a rotary blowing device in an argon atmosphere, and then the temperature is rapidly cooled to solidification, and then transferred to a resistance furnace for liquid-solid reaction to obtain nano-carbonization Aluminum particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The preparation method of the invention has low cost, is green and environment-friendly, and has good prospects for industrialized production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of metal materials, in particular to an alumina-coated nano-aluminum carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Aluminum matrix composites have been widely researched and applied due to their high specific strength, specific stiffness, high wear resistance and heat resistance. Particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites can be industrialized and mass-produced due to their simple preparation process and low cost. It mainly includes two preparation methods: external addition and in-situ synthesis. Among them, the in-situ synthesis method was first proposed by the former Soviet scholar A.G.Merzhaov. The composite material prepared by this method has a clean and stable interface between the particles and the matrix, and has a high bonding strength, so the application prospect is more promising. broad. [0003] Aluminum carbide has a clo...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN1796589A discloses a high-temperature-resistant aluminum-based composite material reinforced by double-sized ceramic particles. The aluminum carbide and silicon carbide composite reinforcement is prepared by using aluminum powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder ball milling and sintering. The aluminum matrix composite material, wherein the aluminum carbide is needle-shaped, the mass percentage is 3.7-14.8, the length is 0.1-0.4 μm, and the diameter is 0.01-0.05 μm; the Chinese patent with publication number CN104120310A discloses an aluminum matrix composite material and Its preparation method adopts the method of multi-step ball milling of aluminum powder, graphite powder and silicon carbide powder, and pressure sintering to prepare Al 3 An aluminum matrix composite material reinforced by BC and aluminum carbide, wherein the aluminum carbide is B-doped, the mass percentage is 0.5-10.0, and the size is 200-500nm; the Chinese patent with publication number CN107142398A discloses an Al 4 C 3 Modified Al-based composite material and its preparation method, using external aluminum carbide to enhance the interface bonding strength between graphene and aluminum matrix; literature (Journal of Central South University (Natural Science Edition), 1985,1:006.) reported that carbon-containing substances Aluminum carbide dispersion reinforced aluminum materials were prepared by ball milling with aluminum powder and briquette sintering, and the advantages and disadvantages of chemical carbon addition and physical carbon addition were compared. Size and shape characterization, but the test characterization proves that the material is essentially an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by aluminum oxide and aluminum carbide; the Chinese patent with the publication number CN106460132A discloses an aluminum-based composite material and its manufacturing method, and obtains a composite material with Aluminum materials with higher strength and maintaining electrical conductivity, but the reinforcing phase is rod-shaped or needle-shaped aluminum carbide, and this method cannot effectively control the degree of reaction between carbon materials (carbon nanotubes / horns / fibers) and the aluminum parent phase, so it has not Can accurately control the mass fraction of aluminum carbide

[0005] In addition, aluminum carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite materials can also be used for other purposes. For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN104726737A discloses a degradable aluminum-based material, which is a prefabricated body obtained by ball milling and briquetting aluminum powder and amorphous graphite powder. , and then press the preform into the aluminum melt to react to obtain a degradable aluminum-based material, in which the aluminum carbide is in the shape of a strip with a length of hundreds of microns, and the mechanical properties of the material are poor