Novel method for reducing nitrogen loss in composting process of perishable garbage

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel method for reducing nitrogen loss in composting process of perishable garbage. According to the novel method, biochar prepared at the high temperature of 800 DEG C canwell adsorb ammonium ions, so that volatilization of NH4 <+> in the composting process is reduced, and the nitrogen preservation process is promoted; the biochar is doped with certain iron ions, and iron-based biochar is added in the composting process, so that the generation of catalase in the aerobic biological reflection process can be promoted; the biochar adsorbs NH4 <+> in the reactor, the dissolution of NH4 <+> is inhibited, the formation of hydroxyl ions is prevented, and the increase amplitude of the pH value of the compost is effectively reduced; and by virtue of biochar, the nitrogen discharge in the composting process can be improved, and after the composting is finished, the biochar and the decomposed material after composting are applied to soil, so that the soil volume weight can be effectively reduced, the porosity is increased, the water holding capacity of the soil is improved, the field climate is improved, the field water holding rate is adjusted, the structure of the soil can be improved, the soil is loosened, the three-phase proportion of the soil is stabilized, and the pH value of the soil is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a new method for reducing nitrogen loss, in particular to a new method for reducing nitrogen loss in the process of composting perishable garbage, and belongs to the technical field of perishable garbage composting. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the explosive growth of population and the acceleration of urbanization, the output of municipal solid waste has increased day by day, and the composition of municipal solid waste has changed accordingly with the change of consumption structure. However, it is still characterized by high organic matter content, high water content and low calorific value of mixed collected garbage. According to statistics, the proportion of perishable organic waste in municipal solid waste is as high as 70%. Compared with foreign countries, China's eating habits of heavy salt and heavy oil make domestic perishable garbage have high moisture content, high salt content, and high orga...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] At present, the methods for reducing nitrogen discharge in the composting process mainly include microbial bacterial agent addition method, physical adsorption method and chemical additive method; wherein microbial bacterial agent addition method, such as Chinese patent CN109082399A, screens out a high-temperature heterotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrobacillus harbinensis BM62, It is used to reduce the volatilization of ammonia in the high-temperature period of livestock and poultry manure composting; Chinese patent CN108456026A inserts the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial flora enriched from the compost raw materials into the compost material for composting to reduce the volatilization of ammonia in the compost; but the method of adding microbial agents It is necessary to screen the strains in the early stage, and the microorganisms need to be domesticated and adapted, and the culture time is long, and the microorganisms are susceptible to changes in environmental conditions, which will affect the activity of the microorganisms

Chinese patent CN109650957A uses an ultra-high temperature pretreatment method to raise the temperature of the pile to 90-95°C within 1-2 hours, hydrolyze complex carbon-containing organic matter such as protein into amino acids, and further degrade them into low-molecular-weight organic acids. The pH value of subsequent compost materials is reduced, which is conducive to reducing the volatilization of ammonia in subsequent composting; in addition, at different stages of subsequent composting, the key microorganisms involved in the mineralization process of organic nitrogen-ammonifying bacteria (Bacillus, Pseudomonas) and ammonifying fungi (Acremonium, Alternaria , Penicillium) and enzyme activity (urease and protease) are inhibited, which to a certain extent inhibits the process of organic nitrogen mineralization into ammonia, resulting in a decline in ammonium nitrogen content; but this method requires a higher heap temperature, And the required process and technical complexity are far more than other processes

Chinese patent CN101575247 uses a mixture of wheat straw, common calcium and zeolite to treat NH in the composting process 3 Perform physical absorption to reduce nitrogen loss during composting; among them, zeolite has a silicate tetrahedral structure and has high adsorption performance for ammonium ions, but the physical adsorption method has low efficiency, long treatment cycle, and serious secondary pollution The problem

Chinese patent CN103787750A has developed a method of combining corn stalk pyrolysis biomass granular charcoal and wood vinegar liquid to reduce nitrogen loss and increase organic phosphorus content in the composting process, reduce odor pollution, and reduce the concentration of heavy metals in composting products. products, but this method requires the use of wood vinegar, which is prone to secondary pollution and has great harm to the environment

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