Method for recycling valuable metals of waste lithium ion battery and regenerating ternary positive electrode material

Abstract

The invention provides a method for recycling valuable metals of a waste lithium ion battery and regenerating a ternary positive electrode material. The method comprises the following steps of: discharging the waste lithium ion battery, performing disassembling, and removing impurities to obtain a positive plate, and removing a conductive agent and a binder in the positive plate at high temperature to obtain the waste ternary positive electrode material; according to a first regeneration route, valuable metal ions can be leached out from organic acid or a eutectic solvent added with a reducingagent, a sodium alginate solution is adopted to crosslink the metal ions to form an egg box structure gel with a three-dimensional net structure, and the regenerated ternary positive electrode material is obtained after calcination; according to a second regeneration route, ball milling nanocrystallization is beneficial for lithium ions to enter particles to supplement lithium, gel is used for repairing an uneven surface, and the regenerated ternary positive electrode material is obtained after calcination. The two regeneration routes are simple and easy to operate, the steps of separation and purification of valuable metal ions and the like are avoided, the method is novel, low in cost, and easy to realize industrialization, and the prepared material has excellent electrochemical performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for recovering valuable metals of waste lithium ion batteries and regenerating ternary positive electrode materials, and belongs to the technical field of recovery and regeneration of waste lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] In lithium-ion batteries, especially in the cost structure of automotive power batteries, material costs account for nearly 75%. In the material cost, the cathode material accounts for 41%. The market size of NCM ternary cathode materials in my country has shown rapid growth. In 2018, the market size of NCM ternary cathode materials in my country reached 23 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 33.72%. The market scale of NCM ternary cathode materials in my country has shown rapid growth, mainly benefiting from the rapid development of domestic automotive power batteries, low-cobalt 3C batteries, power tools, electric bicycles and other application markets, driving the marke...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Pyrometallurgy is to directly use high temperature treatment to extract the metal or metal oxide in the electrode. The process is simple, but the purity of the recycled material is low and the high temperature treatment takes a long time and consumes a lot of energy. Organic substances such as electrolytes and binders in waste batteries will be The high temperature reaction produces harmful gases, and it is necessary to install supporting facilities for secondary waste gas treatment

Hydrometallurgy is to disassemble the battery case first, then crush and sieve to obtain electrode materials. The valuable metals in the electrode materials are leached in acid or biological solution, and then separated by precipitation or extraction to obtain the corresponding salts or Although oxides can effectively recover different valuable metals, the process is relatively complicated, requiring the use of a large amount of chemical reagents, which is costly and easy to cause environmental pollution

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