Large-grain UO2 ceramic fuel, and preparation method and application thereof

A large-grain, ceramic technology, which is applied in the field of large-grain UO2 ceramic fuel and its preparation, can solve the problems of low thermal conductivity, swelling suppression and deepening fuel consumption, achieve low thermal expansion coefficient, improve economy and safety, The effect of reducing the specific surface area of ​​grain boundaries

Active Publication Date: 2021-11-23
MATERIAL INST OF CHINA ACADEMY OF ENG PHYSICS +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, at the same time UO 2 Ceramic fuels still have deficiencies such as low thermal conductivity, swelling during irradiation process, suppressed burn-up deepening, etc.

Method used

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  • Large-grain UO2 ceramic fuel, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Large-grain UO2 ceramic fuel, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Large-grain UO2 ceramic fuel, and preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0032] The present invention provides a large grain UO 2 The preparation method of ceramic fuel comprises the following steps:

[0033] Will UO 2 Powder, additives and lubricants are mixed by ball milling to obtain mixed powder;

[0034] The mixed powder is sintered to obtain large grain UO 2 ceramic fuel;

[0035] The additive includes metal oxide and / or metal element; the metal oxide includes one or more of manganese oxide, titanium oxide, niobium oxide, chromium oxide and vanadium oxide; the metal element includes niobium, chromium, One or more of manganese and vanadium;

[0036] The large grain UO 2 The average grain size of the ceramic fuel is 50-180 μm.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the required preparation materials are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.

[0038] The present invention will UO 2 The powder, additive and lubricant are ball milled and mixed to obtain a mixed powder. In the prese...

Embodiment 1

[0062] 100gUO 2 Powder, 0.5g chromium oxide powder (particle size 5 ~ 10μm, the amount added accounted for UO 2 The mass fraction is 0.5%) and 0.3g Akewax are placed in a tungsten carbide ball mill jar, and zirconia grinding balls with 3 times the mass of the resulting mixture are added, and mixed for 16 hours to obtain a mixed powder;

[0063] Weigh 7g of the above mixed powder and mold it, the pressing pressure is 200MPa, to get UO 2 For the green body, use an atmosphere sintering furnace to carry out pressureless sintering on the green body, vacuumize the atmosphere sintering furnace and fill it with argon atmosphere protection, raise the temperature to 800°C at a rate of 10°C / min and keep it for 1h for degreasing, and continue to pass through The mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide (the volume ratio of carbon dioxide is 1.8%) is brought to normal pressure, the temperature is raised to 1700°C at a rate of 5°C / min and kept for 4h, and then cooled to room temperature wi...

Embodiment 2

[0065] The difference with Example 1 is only: the additive is chromium powder (10~30 μ m in particle size, and the addition accounts for 10 2 The massfraction of is 0.5%), others are with embodiment 1.

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Abstract

The invention provides a large-grain UO2 ceramic fuel, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear fuel development. According to the invention, the additive is used as a grain growth assistant, and in the sintering process, the additive enters a lattice gap through a lattice charge balance (charge state) and defect structure (interstitial atom size / coordination relationship) mechanism, so that the vacancy concentration of uranium is improved, the lattice diffusion rate is improved, UO2 lattice rearrangement is promoted to obtain grain growth, the grain growth of the UO2 fuel is accelerated, and the average grain size (50-180 [mu]m) of the UO2 ceramic fuel is rapidly and effectively improved. Moreover, the grain boundary specific surface area can be reduced by obtaining the large grain size, so that the UO2 has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient, higher high-temperature creep property, higher retention property on fission products and the like, thereby improving the economical efficiency and safety of a reactor and being capable of being used as a novel nuclear fuel of the reactor.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fuel development, in particular to a large grain UO 2 Ceramic fuel and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] UO 2 As the most widely used nuclear fuel in commercial nuclear reactors, ceramic fuel has high melting point, excellent thermal stability, good compatibility with coolant and cladding contact materials, high radiation stability, and thermal neutron capture cross section of chemical combination element oxygen Low and significant advantages. However, at the same time UO 2 Ceramic fuels still have some deficiencies such as low thermal conductivity, swelling during irradiation process, inhibiting burn-up deepening and so on. Burnup depth is a key factor that has always restricted the efficiency and cost of nuclear fuel utilization, and it is also the most concerned point in the commercial application of nuclear fuel. For this reason, the deepening of fuel p...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B35/51C04B35/622G21C3/62
CPCC04B35/51C04B35/622G21C3/623C04B2235/668C04B2235/666C04B2235/6562C04B2235/6567C04B2235/786C04B2235/78C04B2235/9607C04B2235/3262C04B2235/3241C04B2235/3232C04B2235/3251C04B2235/3239C04B2235/404C04B2235/40Y02E30/30
Inventor 钟毅张鹏程杨振亮高瑞李冰清白彬褚明福黄奇奇王志毅王昀谢良段丽美胡凤云刘彤李锐
Owner MATERIAL INST OF CHINA ACADEMY OF ENG PHYSICS
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