[NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] metal cluster single crystal, synthesis method and application of [NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] metal cluster single crystal in catalytic dehydrogenation of low-carbon alkane

Abstract

The invention relates to a [NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] metal cluster single crystal, a synthesis method and application of the [NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] metal cluster single crystal to low-carbon alkane catalytic dehydrogenation. A Pt precursor, a Sn precursor and a ligand are subjected to a complexation reaction in a hydrochloric acid solution, a crude product is prepared through low-temperature vacuum drying after suction filtration, then crystallization mother liquor is prepared and crystallized in an open crystallization vessel in a low-temperature vacuum environment, the metal cluster single crystal is prepared, the basic structural unit of the metal cluster single crystal is [NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] sub-nano-cluster, the crystal structure belongs to a monoclinic system, and the molecular weight of the metal cluster single crystal is 100-200. The cell parameters are as follows: alpha is 90 degrees, beta is 128.738 degrees, and gamma is 90 degrees. The [NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] metal cluster single crystal prepared by the invention can stably exist in a room temperature environment, and a Pt-Sn catalyst prepared by loading the [NHR3] 3 [Pt (SnCl3) 5] metal cluster single crystal on different carriers shows good activity, stability and renewability in a reaction for preparing olefin through catalytic dehydrogenation of low-carbon alkane. According to the preparation method, co-localization of platinum and tin species is realized by utilizing an atom accurate wet chemical means, and the technical problems that two components are easy to segregate and are difficult to fully interact in a traditional platinum-tin catalyst preparation process are solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of industrial catalysis, in particular to a [NHR 3 ] 3 [Pt(SnCl 3 ) 5 ] Metal cluster single crystal, its synthesis method and the application of the prepared catalyst in the dehydrogenation of light alkanes to olefins. Background technique [0002] Low-carbon olefins (ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, etc.) are important basic organic chemical raw materials, and currently mainly come from oil-based steam cracking, catalytic cracking processes or coal-based methanol-to-olefins processes. Compared with the traditional route, the catalytic dehydrogenation process of low-carbon alkanes such as propane and isobutane specializes in the production of olefins, by-product hydrogen, simple process and low investment cost. It has developed into an important way to increase the production of low-carbon olefins in industry, which can effectively alleviate my country's olefin raw materials are overly dependent on petroleum reso...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the Lewis basic tin species has a strong interaction with the surface of the alumina support, and its standard reduction potential (0.154V) is much smaller than that of the platinum species (1.00V). The probability of interaction with platinum in the process of reaction regeneration will be greatly reduced, so that its modulation effect cannot be fully exerted

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