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Direct methanol fuel cell stereo electrod and making method thereof

A methanol fuel cell and three-dimensional electrode technology, applied in battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of increased electrode and membrane contact resistance, fuel loss, and affecting the performance of cathode catalysts, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-12-18
SUN YAT SEN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, compared with the hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), DMFC still has great technical difficulties.
The main problems are: 1. The catalysts currently used are relatively unsatisfactory in terms of activity and anti-poisoning performance
2. At present, the perfluorosulfonic acid membrane-based diaphragm cannot block the penetration of methanol molecules, causing fuel loss and affecting the performance of the cathode catalyst
3. In addition, because methanol oxidation will cause more water than hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, the cathode area is more likely to form flooding, which will affect the activity of the catalyst
4. Another problem is that it is generally believed that the carbon dioxide gas generated during anodic oxidation of methanol is easy to delaminate the three-in-one membrane electrode, which increases the contact resistance between the electrode and the membrane.

Method used

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  • Direct methanol fuel cell stereo electrod and making method thereof
  • Direct methanol fuel cell stereo electrod and making method thereof
  • Direct methanol fuel cell stereo electrod and making method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0016] Example 1: Preparation of Pt / WO by constant current reduction method 3 Stereo electrode

[0017] Dissolve tungsten powder with hydrogen peroxide solution, and excess hydrogen peroxide is inserted into platinum black electrode to decompose. Prepare an aqueous solution containing 50 mmol tungsten, 4-8 mmol platinum, and 30% isopropanol, and then reduce it to Pt / WO under constant current 3 Stereo electrode for direct methanol fuel cell. figure 1 is in the above solution (4mmol dm -3 The scanning electron micrograph of the catalyst obtained by Pt) electrochemical deposition, wherein figure 1 a is at -0.25mA cm -2 The current density was reduced for ten minutes. It can be seen that the surface of the sediment layer is relatively dense, and the real specific surface area is not much different from its geometric area. When the current density reaches -2.5mA cm -2 Time( figure 1 b), the reduction speed is greatly accelerated, and the sediment is too late to be reduced r...

Embodiment 2

[0018] Embodiment two: the preparation of Pt / Pb / PbxOy three-dimensional electrode

[0019] Under special conditions, lead can be prepared into rod-shaped oxides to form a porous structure with high specific surface area. The application of such a structure in lead-acid batteries will improve the specific energy and charge-discharge performance of the battery. In this example, first prepare the following solution: 0.1mol dm -3 Pb(NO 3 ) 2 +0.2mol dm -3 HClO 4 +0.01mol dm -3 NaF in water containing 30 v / v % methanol and 1 v / v % of 5% Nafion suspension (Du Pont). Then carry out oxidation treatment in an electrolytic cell with platinum as counter electrode and saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode to prepare lead oxide. Electrodes deposited with lead oxide are further modified with noble metals to be catalytically active (step-by-step approach). figure 2 The SEM pictures shown are the electrode surface topography obtained on two different substrate materials and...

Embodiment 3

[0021] Example 3: Potentiostatic construction of PtRu / WO 3 Stereo electrode

[0022] Platinum-ruthenium alloy catalysts are currently recognized as the most suitable catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells. The tungsten trioxide-supported platinum-based noble metal catalyst disclosed in the world invention patent (WO92 / 16027) not only has high catalytic activity, but also It has strong anti-carbon monoxide poisoning characteristics. However, the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst prepared by the electrochemical method at low current density is relatively small, and the activity is low. Accordingly, in this example, the deposition conditions were changed to prepare PtRu / WO 3 catalysts, and compared the surface morphology of catalyst layers obtained under different conditions. Figure 4 Co-deposition (one-step method) to prepare PtRu / WO under different reduction potentials 3 The surface morphology of the material. Figure 4 a is...

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Abstract

A cubic electrode is made up of base material, cubic structure and catalytic activate materials, the cubic structure material is composed of column, ball or un regular particles from millimicron-micron, combined or adhered to the base material with short distance capillary channel and gas breath structure favourable to methyl alcohol siphon characterizing in high pore space retion and rough surface. It's real surface area is far large than its own geometrical area and catalytic active to methyl alcohol. The cubic structure of electrode is built with electric chemical method reaching dual targets with cubic structure and catalytic active.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell solid electrode which is directly oxidized by methanol fuel and can work above room temperature and below 200°C and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy into low-voltage direct current through an electrochemical reaction. Fuel cells have advantages over traditional fossil fuels, such as high energy efficiency and no or minimal polluting emissions. Especially in the severe situation that fossil fuels are about to be depleted, fuel cells, as a new energy source without pollution, are getting more and more attention. [0003] The most basic fuel cell is the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, in which the fuel is hydrogen and the oxidant is either air or pure oxygen. Because the reaction product of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is pure water, there is no pollutant emission, and it is the cleanest fuel cell. Although th...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/86H01M4/88
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 沈培康
Owner SUN YAT SEN UNIV
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